Higher royalties and expanded IP offerings could boost Arm’s earnings and reshape licensing dynamics across smartphones, AI hardware, and automotive electronics.
Arm’s licensing model has long been the silent engine of the mobile and IoT revolutions. By providing a modular instruction set architecture that manufacturers can adapt, the company has avoided the capital intensity of fabs while still capturing a slice of every device sold. This approach generated roughly $2 billion in royalty revenue last year, underscoring how a pure‑IP business can dominate a market traditionally ruled by silicon manufacturers.
The latest strategic pivot focuses on monetising higher‑value segments. Arm is introducing tiered royalty structures for advanced AI accelerators, automotive safety processors, and data‑center CPUs, where performance margins justify steeper fees. In parallel, the firm is launching design‑as‑a‑service platforms that let customers accelerate time‑to‑market, effectively bundling IP with engineering support. These initiatives aim to lift average royalty rates from 2‑3 percent to double‑digit levels, a shift that could add several hundred million dollars to annual earnings.
Industry observers see this as a defensive response to rising RISC‑V adoption and growing pressure from integrated device manufacturers seeking in‑house IP. If Arm successfully extracts more value from its ecosystem, device makers may face higher cost structures, potentially accelerating the push toward alternative architectures. Conversely, the expanded portfolio could cement Arm’s relevance in emerging markets like autonomous vehicles and generative AI, offering investors a clearer growth narrative beyond its entrenched smartphone dominance.

Photograph: Rodrigo Reyes Marin/ZUMA Press Wire/Eyevine
Feb 12th 2026|SAN JOSE|5 min read
I N THE SEMICONDUCTOR industry, Arm is everywhere and nowhere. Designs from the British-based, American-listed, Japanese-controlled firm sit in almost all the world’s smartphones and most other connected devices. Yet Arm does not sell a single chip. Customers license its designs, tweak them if they wish and produce the chips themselves (or have them made). Arm pockets an upfront licence fee and a slim per-chip royalty. The model has made it ubiquitous. More than 300bn chips built on its designs have been shipped—over 30bn of them last year alone.
The Economist Today
Handpicked stories, in your inbox
A daily newsletter with the best of our journalism
Yes, I agree to receive exclusive content, offers and updates to products and services from The Economist Group. I can change these preferences at any time.

Comments
Want to join the conversation?
Loading comments...