The fighting threatens global energy supplies and maritime commerce, risks drawing the U.S. into a broader Middle East conflict, and raises the prospect of a contentious shift from air strikes to ground operations with major geopolitical and economic fallout.
U.S. and Israeli forces have escalated military action against Iran following the killing of Iran’s supreme leader, conducting strikes the U.S. says target nuclear and missile sites while President Trump has left open the possibility of deploying ground forces. The campaign has already surpassed last June’s raids, prompting Iranian and proxy missile strikes that have hit as far as Cyprus, disrupted Gulf energy infrastructure, and closed the Strait of Hormuz. A France 24 panel of military and policy experts debated whether diplomacy was exhausted, whether the Pentagon was prepared for wider Iranian retaliation, and the long-term goal—containment versus regime change. Panelists warned the operation’s timing and scope raise serious risks of an expanded regional war and unforeseen consequences.
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