Andrew Arruda

Andrew Arruda

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Legal AI entrepreneur; frequent commentator on AI, legal services, and legal business models.

Non‑generative AI Crucial for National Security and Legal Search
SocialMar 31, 2026

Non‑generative AI Crucial for National Security and Legal Search

non-generative AI and the training of non-generative AI is integral to our national security. drones don’t generate prose, images or audio. the search and target, exactly what ROSS Intelligence built but for locating the correct passage of verbatim law.

By Andrew Arruda
AI Training Relies on Unsettled Fair Use Assumption
SocialMar 31, 2026

AI Training Relies on Unsettled Fair Use Assumption

base AI models (domestic & foreign) are all trained on copyrighted material. this assumes that training AI is fair use. now we await the judiciary’s confirmation to ensure this is all kosher, which it must be in order for AI...

By Andrew Arruda
Fair Use Needed for Courts and Lawyers Using AI
SocialMar 31, 2026

Fair Use Needed for Courts and Lawyers Using AI

fair use must apply for the judiciary to continue to use AI as well as lawyers. think of this as an LSAT logical reasoning question folks

By Andrew Arruda
Predicted Outcome: AI Training May Lose Fair Use
SocialMar 30, 2026

Predicted Outcome: AI Training May Lose Fair Use

things are playing out exactly as i said they would. if fair use doesn’t apply to training AI in the US, it’s all over

By Andrew Arruda
Bet on Patterns You See, Not Overanalyze
SocialMar 29, 2026

Bet on Patterns You See, Not Overanalyze

i learned to just start betting on the patterns i spot instead of trying to figure that out

By Andrew Arruda
License‑Gated Data Centralizes AI, Stifles Startups
SocialMar 29, 2026

License‑Gated Data Centralizes AI, Stifles Startups

large-scale pretraining data is the substrate of AI. if access to this substrate becomes license-gated in the united states but not elsewhere, then foundation-model innovation centralizes, startup entry collapses at the base layer, and long-term technological leadership shifts

By Andrew Arruda
China Deploys Latest AI Models in Military, Data Sources Unclear
SocialMar 29, 2026

China Deploys Latest AI Models in Military, Data Sources Unclear

"China is not using the oldest model. They're using the newest Qwen. They're using the newest Kimi. They're using the newest DeepSeek in their military applications." - AND WHAT DATA DID THEY USE TO TRAIN THESE MODELS?

By Andrew Arruda
Major Outlets Reveal Journalists Turning to AI Writing
SocialMar 27, 2026

Major Outlets Reveal Journalists Turning to AI Writing

yesterday both WSJ and WIRED published pieces about journalists using AI to write their stories https://t.co/G8CQwY7lRr

By Andrew Arruda
Agent-Powered Startups Will Outpace Incumbents with Speed, Cost, Agility
SocialMar 27, 2026

Agent-Powered Startups Will Outpace Incumbents with Speed, Cost, Agility

this means both older incumbents and younger market participants will face an onslaught of agent enabled startups. faster, cheaper, nimbler.

By Andrew Arruda
Flexpa Powers the Emerging AI-Driven Healthcare System
SocialMar 27, 2026

Flexpa Powers the Emerging AI-Driven Healthcare System

.@flexpa is integral to enabling the AI-powered healthcare system currently being built. and we're ready for all of it.

By Andrew Arruda
Explore Undersea Cables: Unlock High-Value Market Insight
SocialMar 27, 2026

Explore Undersea Cables: Unlock High-Value Market Insight

start learning about the cables under the oceans, you won't regret it. lots of alpha in knowing about the cables under the ocean now

By Andrew Arruda
Flexpa Shows Patient‑Agent Future, Decentralization Neutral
SocialMar 27, 2026

Flexpa Shows Patient‑Agent Future, Decentralization Neutral

“The @Flexpa experience was my big ah-ha. Decentralization isn’t inherently good or bad - it’s more of the current, unchangable state of things.” - @AndreaCoravos 👌 - patient to agent is the future of healthcare and flexpa has built the infra...

By Andrew Arruda
China's Open-Source AI Trained on 1.4M arXiv Papers
SocialMar 25, 2026

China's Open-Source AI Trained on 1.4M arXiv Papers

and how are china's open-source AI trained? here's what deepseek said, on the record: “we collected source code and compiled PDFs from 1.4 million arXiv articles ... we cleaned 860K English and 180K Chinese e-books from anna’s archive (anna’s archive,...

By Andrew Arruda
Old Metrics Still Rule Media Success
SocialMar 25, 2026

Old Metrics Still Rule Media Success

same as it always was though: neilson ratings, top 40 charts, new york times best sellers list etc.

By Andrew Arruda
Model T Succeeded After Nine Failed Ford Prototypes
SocialMar 24, 2026

Model T Succeeded After Nine Failed Ford Prototypes

“success did not come easy. the model T was ford's ninth attempt at producing a profitable automobile, after models A, B, C, E, N, R, S, and K all proved relative failures.” https://t.co/afusdFZddJ

By Andrew Arruda
America's WWII Industrial Mobilization: The Untold Story
SocialMar 24, 2026

America's WWII Industrial Mobilization: The Untold Story

“how this remarkable mobilization of american industry, technology, and material production happened remains the great untold story of world war II.” https://t.co/uLEMiAoxFI

By Andrew Arruda
Check Citations on Westlaw to Dodge AI Hallucinations
SocialMar 22, 2026

Check Citations on Westlaw to Dodge AI Hallucinations

“And it’s not even hard to avoid citing AI-hallucinated cases. All you have to do is use Westlaw or Lexis to cite check the brief.” 👀 - a fish in water never realizes it’s wet. legal data is born free and...

By Andrew Arruda
AI Legality Hinges on Output Reproduction, Not Learning
SocialMar 22, 2026

AI Legality Hinges on Output Reproduction, Not Learning

if learning from existing media makes AI outputs illegitimate, then learning from existing media is illegitimate. copyright doesn’t ban learning from works, it bans reproducing them. our neurons make brain copies. the real issue is whether outputs reproduce protected expression.

By Andrew Arruda
America Must Lead AI to Safeguard National Security
SocialMar 22, 2026

America Must Lead AI to Safeguard National Security

the US relies on commercial AI models for the department of war. there is no AI manhattan project. this means we must ensure US AI models are the best in the world -- our national security depends on it

By Andrew Arruda
Free Online Access to Laws Solves the Mess
SocialMar 21, 2026

Free Online Access to Laws Solves the Mess

what if i told you there’s a relatively simple fix to this mess and it involves ensuring the law is easily available and free to all citizens on the internet?

By Andrew Arruda
Swarm Drones Use Simple Neural Nets to Track Warm Targets
SocialMar 21, 2026

Swarm Drones Use Simple Neural Nets to Track Warm Targets

“optically-coordinated swarming drones with simple neural nets, that simply target anything warm and moving.” - are you paying attention yet?

By Andrew Arruda
Living in the Past or Fantasy, Not Present Reality
SocialMar 21, 2026

Living in the Past or Fantasy, Not Present Reality

“they are no longer capable of seeing contemporary reality. the world which they see is not the one that really exists. it is either the one that used to exist or the one that they would wish to have exist.”...

By Andrew Arruda
Congress Urged to Back Balanced AI Training on Copyrighted Works
SocialMar 20, 2026

Congress Urged to Back Balanced AI Training on Copyrighted Works

“Congress should support a balanced approach that allows for advanced AI training on copyrighted materials” 👀

By Andrew Arruda
Administration Says AI Training on Copyrighted Works Is Legal
SocialMar 20, 2026

Administration Says AI Training on Copyrighted Works Is Legal

“the Administration believes that training of AI models on copyrighted material does not violate copyright laws” 👀

By Andrew Arruda
Instant QR Code Health Record Sharing by Flexpa
SocialMar 18, 2026

Instant QR Code Health Record Sharing by Flexpa

This is @Flexpa. @Flexpa enables patients to instantly share verified health records with any provider via a QR code. A big thanks to @USDS for helping enable the vision and mission of Flexpa: Flexible Patient Access. https://t.co/fD0qjuBtWy

By Andrew Arruda
From AlexNet to ROSS: My 2014 Journey
SocialMar 16, 2026

From AlexNet to ROSS: My 2014 Journey

me since 2014 after learning about alexnet and founding ROSS at the university of toronto:

By Andrew Arruda
U of T CS Department Fuels Modern AI Revolution
SocialMar 16, 2026

U of T CS Department Fuels Modern AI Revolution

all roads of the modern AI revolution lead back to the university of toronto’s computer science department

By Andrew Arruda
Copyright Should Foster, Not Hinder, AI Innovation
SocialMar 16, 2026

Copyright Should Foster, Not Hinder, AI Innovation

“‘ROSS was at the forefront of fundamental AI development,’ he said. ‘Copyright must encourage, not stop, such innovative efforts.’” 👀

By Andrew Arruda
Nearly All Students Use AI; Policy Urgency Looms
SocialMar 16, 2026

Nearly All Students Use AI; Policy Urgency Looms

“95% of students report using AI in at least one way” 👀 - we’re going to have to figure out fair use and training AI quickly if this is all going to work out

By Andrew Arruda
Fair Use in AI Training Critical for National Security
SocialMar 13, 2026

Fair Use in AI Training Critical for National Security

“ROSS Intelligence Inc. told an appeals court that new filings by Anthropic PBC against the Defense Department confirm that finding fair use in AI training is "paramount" to national security.” 👀

By Andrew Arruda
Chinese‑linked AI Poised to Surveil U.S. Battlefields
SocialMar 13, 2026

Chinese‑linked AI Poised to Surveil U.S. Battlefields

“Companies tied to the CCP are turning AI into a battlefield surveillance tool against America. The threat from China’s technology ecosystem isn’t theoretical, it’s imminent.” 👀

By Andrew Arruda
Paywalls Ransom Legal Data, Blocking Citizens' Access
SocialMar 9, 2026

Paywalls Ransom Legal Data, Blocking Citizens' Access

legal data is held for ransom behind paywalls, denying access to citizens who paid for it.

By Andrew Arruda
Singularity May Arrive Before Copyright Courts Decide AI Training
SocialMar 7, 2026

Singularity May Arrive Before Copyright Courts Decide AI Training

we may hit the singularity before courts decide whether or not AI can learn using copyrighted materials and that’s sort of amazing, no?

By Andrew Arruda
VPNs Bypass NY Ban on AI Legal Advice
SocialMar 2, 2026

VPNs Bypass NY Ban on AI Legal Advice

people will use VPNs to access affordable high quality legal advice, healthcare and education from AI. odd to think that we’re here now. sad really

By Andrew Arruda
AI Training Fair Use: Defining Our Era's Legal Frontier
SocialMar 2, 2026

AI Training Fair Use: Defining Our Era's Legal Frontier

whether or not fair use applies to training AI is the fundamental legal question of our age. mark my words.

By Andrew Arruda
Tech Promises Affordable Justice, but Access Remains Uneven
SocialFeb 27, 2026

Tech Promises Affordable Justice, but Access Remains Uneven

so the technology is here to enable better more affordable justice, but not evenly distributed… yet https://t.co/VN4uMD18Qk

By Andrew Arruda
Predicted AI Technophobia a Decade Ago; History Rhymes
SocialFeb 21, 2026

Predicted AI Technophobia a Decade Ago; History Rhymes

i anticipated the technophobic pushback ai would receive nearly a decade ago and gave a talk at cliocon about it. history doesn't repeat, it rhymes. watch my comments here: https://t.co/CIm9q25mQ6

By Andrew Arruda
AI's Exponential Leap Outpaces Even Seasoned Expectations
SocialFeb 20, 2026

AI's Exponential Leap Outpaces Even Seasoned Expectations

"we are now dealing with exponential improvements of ai, astounding even those, like me, who have been in the field for nearly a decade. we knew this would happen but it’s happening quicker than we thought."

By Andrew Arruda
US Court Rulings Will Shape AI IP, Economy, Security
SocialFeb 16, 2026

US Court Rulings Will Shape AI IP, Economy, Security

we’re at this part of the awareness of the IP issues surrounding training AI and the national economic and security issues that flow from the decisions US courts will make in the coming months and years

By Andrew Arruda
Ed Lee Forecasted AI Class-Action Lawsuits in 2023
SocialFeb 15, 2026

Ed Lee Forecasted AI Class-Action Lawsuits in 2023

shout-out to @edleeprof for totally calling the class-action angle for AI lawsuits ahead of the curve in 2023! https://t.co/MwA9eSRAua

By Andrew Arruda