Jonathan McDowell

Jonathan McDowell

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Astrophysicist tracking launches and satellites; author of Jonathan's Space Report newsletter.

Integrity Reaches 70,385 Km Apogee Before Moonward Burn
SocialApr 2, 2026

Integrity Reaches 70,385 Km Apogee Before Moonward Burn

Integrity will reach a 70385 km apogee at about 1200 UTC Apr 2, before falling back to perigee where it will make the rocket burn to send it moonward; that burn due at about 2345 UTC Apr...

By Jonathan McDowell
Integrity Tests Stationkeeping on Orion’s First Crewed Flight
SocialApr 2, 2026

Integrity Tests Stationkeeping on Orion’s First Crewed Flight

Integrity is now using the ICPS upper stage as a target to practice stationkeeping and maneuvering, as part of this first crewed test flight of the Orion spaceship.

By Jonathan McDowell
Artemis 2 Launch
SocialApr 2, 2026

Artemis 2 Launch

LAUNCH at 2235:12 UTC of SLS flight 2 with Artemis 2 from Kennedy Space Center. Artemis 2 has now manuevered to a -2 x 70385 km x 28.3deg orbit

By Jonathan McDowell
Only Five of the 24 Lunar Pioneers Remain Alive
SocialApr 1, 2026

Only Five of the 24 Lunar Pioneers Remain Alive

Between 1968 and 1972, twenty-four humans entered lunar space, where the Moon's gravity dominates that of the Earth (within about 66000 km from the selenocenter). Only five of them are still alive.

By Jonathan McDowell
Few Transporter 16 Payloads Remain Unidentified, SM‑1.2 Owner Sought
SocialApr 1, 2026

Few Transporter 16 Payloads Remain Unidentified, SM‑1.2 Owner Sought

Of over 100 payloads deployed on the Transporter 16 launch, only a few have had no info released about them. Does anyone know who owns the "SM-1.2" satellite?

By Jonathan McDowell
Wishing NASA Success on Artemis Launch, Bon Voyage Christina
SocialApr 1, 2026

Wishing NASA Success on Artemis Launch, Bon Voyage Christina

Wishing @NASAAdmin and the entire @NASA team the best for tomorrow's Artemis launch attempt - and a special 'bon voyage' to @centerforastro alum @Astro_Christina !

By Jonathan McDowell
NASA's “Fastest” Reentry Matches Apollo 10 Speeds
SocialMar 31, 2026

NASA's “Fastest” Reentry Matches Apollo 10 Speeds

NASA claims the Art. 2 reentry will be the fastest crew entry ever at "about 25000 mph" (i.e. somewhere in the range 10.95 to 11.40 km/s). However the Horizons trajectory for Art2 appears to give 11.06 km/s (inertial) while Apollo...

By Jonathan McDowell
OneWeb's Rare Failure: Satellite SL0179 Begins Deorbit
SocialMar 31, 2026

OneWeb's Rare Failure: Satellite SL0179 Begins Deorbit

There have been very few failures in the OneWeb constellation; on Mar 16 OneWeb SL0179, launched in 2021, began rapid orbit lowering, presumably being retired as a result of some malfunction. https://t.co/catxyEcmju

By Jonathan McDowell
Lijian‑2 Yields Single Cataloged Object in Low Orbit
SocialMar 30, 2026

Lijian‑2 Yields Single Cataloged Object in Low Orbit

1 object cataloged so far from the Lijian-2 launch, in a 217 x 604 km x 85.0 deg orbit

By Jonathan McDowell
SpaceX Transporter 16 Launch Carries Over 100 Payloads
SocialMar 30, 2026

SpaceX Transporter 16 Launch Carries Over 100 Payloads

LAUNCH of SpaceX Transporter 16 rideshare mission at 1102 UTC Mar 30. Over 100 payloads aboard. GCAT will be updated later today I hope.

By Jonathan McDowell
Shiyan‑33’s Low Orbit Raises Questions on CZ‑2C Capacity
SocialMar 27, 2026

Shiyan‑33’s Low Orbit Raises Questions on CZ‑2C Capacity

Shiyan-33 tracked in a 485 x 505 km x 97.5 deg, 1030 LTDN SSO. With the CZ-2C/YZ-1S launch vehicle and such a low orbit, this must be a fairly massive satellite - anyone know the capacity of CZ-2C/YZ-1S to this orbit?

By Jonathan McDowell
China Launches Shiyan‑33 Test Satellite on CZ‑2C/YZ‑1S
SocialMar 27, 2026

China Launches Shiyan‑33 Test Satellite on CZ‑2C/YZ‑1S

LAUNCH at 0411 UTC Mar 27 of a CZ-2C/YZ-1S from Jiuquan with the Shiyan 33 test satellite ( 试验三十三号卫星 ). Orbit not yet known.

By Jonathan McDowell
Two Siwei Gaojing Imaging Satellites Launch via CZ‑2D
SocialMar 26, 2026

Two Siwei Gaojing Imaging Satellites Launch via CZ‑2D

LAUNCH at 2251 UTC Mar 25 of the Siwei Gaojing 2-05 and 2-06 commercial imaging satellites by CZ-2D from Taiyuan

By Jonathan McDowell
New Debris Object Misplaced in Expected Launch Catalog Range
SocialMar 25, 2026

New Debris Object Misplaced in Expected Launch Catalog Range

There's a new object cataloged as 68376 and tagged as a debris object from the 2026-009 ALSAT-3A launch; it's in the catalog number range I was expecting for the 2026-061 Rassvet launch, but no TLEs for that launch yet.

By Jonathan McDowell
Space Force Releases StriX-6 Orbital Data and Stage Details
SocialMar 25, 2026

Space Force Releases StriX-6 Orbital Data and Stage Details

Space Force orbital data now out for StriX-6, launched on Mar 20, showing it in a 557 x 580 km x 50.3 deg orbit with Electron stages in 173 x 491 km and 340 x 558 km.

By Jonathan McDowell
Progress MS-33 Manually Docked to Poisk via TORU
SocialMar 24, 2026

Progress MS-33 Manually Docked to Poisk via TORU

The Progress MS-33 cargo ship docked with the Poisk module at about 1340:44 UTC Mar 24. The docking was carried out under manual remote control with the TORU system.

By Jonathan McDowell
Unannounced Soyuz Launch Suspected, Details Remain
SocialMar 24, 2026

Unannounced Soyuz Launch Suspected, Details Remain

Possible launch of Soyuz rocket with Rassvet satellites at about 1800 UTC Mar 23. Russia has, unusually, made no announcement but there are observations downrange of rocket plume and claimed signals from a payload. Situation currently uncertain, no Space Force...

By Jonathan McDowell
Progress M-33 Orbit Confirmed; Electron Launch Data
SocialMar 23, 2026

Progress M-33 Orbit Confirmed; Electron Launch Data

Progress M-33 cataloged in a 263 x 279 km orbit, with third stage in 183 x 215 km. No orbit data yet for Friday's Electron launch.

By Jonathan McDowell
Jielong-3 Launch Deploys Ten New Navigation Satellites
SocialMar 22, 2026

Jielong-3 Launch Deploys Ten New Navigation Satellites

LAUNCH at 1549 UTC of a Jielong-3 from the DFHT barge near Haiyan in the Yellow Sea placing 10 more Weili Kongjian (Centispace) navigation augmentation satellites in orbit

By Jonathan McDowell
Two Unreported MDA Suborbital Launches Occurred in March
SocialMar 22, 2026

Two Unreported MDA Suborbital Launches Occurred in March

There were apparently two MDA suborbital target missile launches from Wallops on Mar 17 and 19 that weren't reported at the time: https://t.co/wDoCCKpEF4

By Jonathan McDowell
Rocket Lab Launches Japan's Synspective Radar Satellite
SocialMar 20, 2026

Rocket Lab Launches Japan's Synspective Radar Satellite

LAUNCH at 1810 UTC Mar 20 of a Rocket Lab Electron from Mahia, New Zealand, with a radar satellite for Japan's Synspective (probably the StriX-6 satellite).

By Jonathan McDowell
Seven Cubesats Deployed by D_Orbit Since Nov 28
SocialMar 20, 2026

Seven Cubesats Deployed by D_Orbit Since Nov 28

I had missed that @D_Orbit had deployed seven cubesats from the IONs launched Nov 28; deployment dates not given but 2 Lacuna and 2 Lemur were ejected on or before Feb 16 from Stellar Stephanus, and 2...

By Jonathan McDowell
Space Force Still Lists Deorbited Haven Demo as Orbiting
SocialMar 19, 2026

Space Force Still Lists Deorbited Haven Demo as Orbiting

Space Force failed to issue a decay notice for VAST's Haven Demo, which was removed from orbit on Feb 5. It's still in the US satellite catalog as 'in orbit'.

By Jonathan McDowell
Nihon University's Tenkoh
SocialMar 19, 2026

Nihon University's Tenkoh

Nihon University's Tenkoh-2 cubesat, deployed from the HTV-X1 cargo ship on Mar 11, has been cataloged as object 68261, in a 495 x 501 km x 51.6 deg orbit.

By Jonathan McDowell
US EVA-94 Spacewalk Begins on ISS at 1246 UTC
SocialMar 18, 2026

US EVA-94 Spacewalk Begins on ISS at 1246 UTC

Spacewalk US EVA-94 is underway on the ISS. Astronauts Meir and Williams, in suits 3015 and 3003 and with SAFER packs 15 and 18 depressurized the airlock past 50 mbar at 1246 UTC, opened the hatch at 1251 UTC and...

By Jonathan McDowell
Falcon 9 Reaches Parking Orbit, 10,020 Starlinks Deployed
SocialMar 17, 2026

Falcon 9 Reaches Parking Orbit, 10,020 Starlinks Deployed

Falcon 9 now in parking orbit. There are now 10020 Starlinks in orbit (although 25 of them are still attached to the Falcon 9 for another 50 min or so, until the stage's circularization burn and satellite deployment).

By Jonathan McDowell
Most KZ-11 Payloads
SocialMar 17, 2026

Most KZ-11 Payloads

Seven of the eight payloads from the KZ-11 launch cataloged in a 528 x 541 km x 97.5 deg sun synch orbit with 1030LT plane. The upper stage is in a 284 x 1059 km x 97.3 deg...

By Jonathan McDowell
Yaogan 50‑02 Adjusts Orbit After Launch
SocialMar 17, 2026

Yaogan 50‑02 Adjusts Orbit After Launch

Yaogan 50-02 cataloged in a 731 x 945 km x 142.0 deg orbit; upper stage did an orbit lowering burn to 573 x 836 km.

By Jonathan McDowell
Chinese Astronauts Install Debris Shields During 7‑hour Spacewalk
SocialMar 16, 2026

Chinese Astronauts Install Debris Shields During 7‑hour Spacewalk

Astronauts Zhang Lu and Wu Fei made a spacewalk from the Chinese Space Station from about 0430 UTC until 1135 UTC Mar 16, continuing installation of external debris protection panels https://t.co/GKPg66uFEF

By Jonathan McDowell
Progress MS-31 Undocks From ISS Poisk Module
SocialMar 16, 2026

Progress MS-31 Undocks From ISS Poisk Module

The Progress MS-31 cargo ship undocked from the ISS Poisk module at about 1324:12 UTC Mar 16

By Jonathan McDowell
Kuaizhou-11 Deploys Eight Commercial Satellites
SocialMar 16, 2026

Kuaizhou-11 Deploys Eight Commercial Satellites

LAUNCH at 0412 UTC Mar 16 of a Kuaizhou-11 from Jiuquan, putting eight commercial sats in orbit: Juntian-1-04A, Dongpo-11, Dongpo-12, Dongpo-16, Weitong-1-01, Xiguang-1-06, Yuxing-3-05, and Yuxing-3-06.

By Jonathan McDowell
Starlink Stats Updated, Dummy Simulators Removed From Totals
SocialMar 15, 2026

Starlink Stats Updated, Dummy Simulators Removed From Totals

Starlink stats pages updated at https://t.co/m5QkzkhI2u By popular demand I have now excluded the dummy Starlink simulators from the grand totals.

By Jonathan McDowell
China Launches Second Yaogan‑50 on CZ‑6A
SocialMar 15, 2026

China Launches Second Yaogan‑50 on CZ‑6A

LAUNCH at 1322 UTC Mar 15 of a Chang Zheng 6A from Taiyuan with the second Yaogan-50 satellite. The first Yaogan-50 is in a 950 km retrograde (142 deg inclination) orbit.

By Jonathan McDowell
Starlink Count Corrected to 9,967, Not 9,969
SocialMar 14, 2026

Starlink Count Corrected to 9,967, Not 9,969

I've spent the evening chasing down errors in my data files. Please be aware that the total number of Starlinks currently in orbit is actually only 9967, and not 9969 as shown right now on my web page (should update...

By Jonathan McDowell
Shiyan and CZ-2D Upper Stages Cataloged; Others Untracked
SocialMar 13, 2026

Shiyan and CZ-2D Upper Stages Cataloged; Others Untracked

Shiyan 30-03, 30-04 and the CZ-2D upper stage cataloged in 587 x 593 km x 35.0 deg orbits following their launch on Mar 12. No orbit data yet for SatNet-LEO12 or Tenkoh-2.

By Jonathan McDowell
Cygnus NG-23 Unberthed by Canadarm‑2 at 1106 UTC March 12
SocialMar 13, 2026

Cygnus NG-23 Unberthed by Canadarm‑2 at 1106 UTC March 12

The Cygnus NG-23 cargo ship was released into orbit by Canadarm-2 at 1106 UTC Mar 12; it has been at ISS since Dec 1. [I don't have the unberthing time, anyone have it?]

By Jonathan McDowell
Xichang CZ-2D Launch Deploys Shiyan‑30‑03/04
SocialMar 12, 2026

Xichang CZ-2D Launch Deploys Shiyan‑30‑03/04

LAUNCH at 2233 UTC Mar 12 of a CZ-2D from Xichang with the 试验三十号卫星03、04星 (Shiyan 30-03 and 30-04) satellites

By Jonathan McDowell
China Resumes Launches with CZ‑8A, Nine LEO Satellites
SocialMar 12, 2026

China Resumes Launches with CZ‑8A, Nine LEO Satellites

LAUNCH at 1948 UTC of a Chang Zheng 8A from Hainan Commercial Spaceport of nine Xingwang Digui (SatNet LEO) Group 20 satellites, the first Chinese orbital launch in a month after an unusual stand-down

By Jonathan McDowell
Firefly Alpha Launch Successful, Satellite Placed in Precise Orbit
SocialMar 12, 2026

Firefly Alpha Launch Successful, Satellite Placed in Precise Orbit

The Firefly Alpha launch appears to have been fully successful. The LM-400 test satellite is being tracked in a 401 x 405 km x 123.0 deg orbit, and the Alpha second stage made a perigee lowering burn at about...

By Jonathan McDowell
Tenkoh‑2 Satellite Deployed From HTV‑X1 on March 11
SocialMar 12, 2026

Tenkoh‑2 Satellite Deployed From HTV‑X1 on March 11

The Tenkoh-2 satellite was deployed at 0934 UTC Mar 11 from the HTV-X1 cargo ship, which left the ISS on Mar 6

By Jonathan McDowell
SpaceX Lowers 1,600 Starlink Satellites to Lower Orbit
SocialMar 12, 2026

SpaceX Lowers 1,600 Starlink Satellites to Lower Orbit

SpaceX's massive redeployment of its higher orbit (~550 km) Starlink sats to a lower (~480 km) orbital shell continues. 652 sats have completed orbit lowering while 972 are currently on the way down https://t.co/BFtdccOGvs

By Jonathan McDowell
Van Allen Probe A Reenters Pacific Near Mexico, Ecuador
SocialMar 11, 2026

Van Allen Probe A Reenters Pacific Near Mexico, Ecuador

[Corrected:] Van Allen Probe A reentered at 1037 UTC Mar 11 over 105W 2S, equatorial Pacific south of Mexico and west of Ecuador, per Space Force data

By Jonathan McDowell
Falcon 9 Upper
SocialMar 11, 2026

Falcon 9 Upper

Echostar XXV has been tracked in a 264 x 22015 km x 26.9 deg subsynchronous transfer orbit. The Falcon 9 upper stage made a perigee lowering burn and reentered at first perigee near 102W 10N at about 1130 UTC...

By Jonathan McDowell
Van Allen Probe A Assigned New Space Force Orbit
SocialMar 10, 2026

Van Allen Probe A Assigned New Space Force Orbit

New Space Force orbit for Van Allen Probe A , epoch 1440 UTC [6 hours ago], 113 km perigee, 952 km apogee. No updated reentry estimate

By Jonathan McDowell
NASA Decommissions Van Allen Probes After Seven Years
SocialMar 10, 2026

NASA Decommissions Van Allen Probes After Seven Years

NASA's Van Allen Probes A and B were two half-ton spacecraft launched in Aug 2012 to elliptical 600 x 30000 km orbits to study the radiation belts. In 2019 their perigees were lowered to 200 km so...

By Jonathan McDowell
Falcon 9 Lifts Off with Echostar XXV Satellite
SocialMar 10, 2026

Falcon 9 Lifts Off with Echostar XXV Satellite

LAUNCH at 0419 UTC Mar 10 of a Falcon 9 from Canaveral with the Echostar XXV communications sat

By Jonathan McDowell
Chandra's 27‑year Age Signals Urgent Need for Replacement
SocialMar 10, 2026

Chandra's 27‑year Age Signals Urgent Need for Replacement

Very bad news for the future of X-ray astronomy. Chandra continues to operate well but it is almost 27 years old already, we really need to be working on a replacement

By Jonathan McDowell
BlackSky Global Satellite Successfully Launched Into 467‑477 Km Orbit
SocialMar 7, 2026

BlackSky Global Satellite Successfully Launched Into 467‑477 Km Orbit

The BlackSky Global satellite launched on Electron on Mar 5-6 has been cataloged in a 467 x 477 km x 42.0 deg orbit, confirming successful launch.

By Jonathan McDowell
Rocket Lab Launches BlackSky Gen3 Imaging Satellite
SocialMar 6, 2026

Rocket Lab Launches BlackSky Gen3 Imaging Satellite

LAUNCH of Rocket Lab Electron from Mahia at 2353 UTC Mar 5 carrying a BlackSky Global Gen3 imaging satellite

By Jonathan McDowell