Are Perpetual Motion Machines Possible?

Physics Girl
Physics GirlApr 11, 2026

Why It Matters

Recognizing that perpetual motion is impossible shields investors and policymakers from fraudulent free‑energy schemes and ensures resources focus on viable, science‑based technologies.

Key Takeaways

  • Perpetual motion machines violate conservation of energy principle.
  • Friction and gravity inevitably stop any unbalanced rotating wheel.
  • Historical attempts, like Bhaskara’s wheel, always failed due to physics.
  • Patent office bans patents without working prototype for such devices.
  • Claims of free energy should prompt search for hidden power source.

Summary

The video tackles the age‑old claim of a perpetual motion machine, using a coin‑laden wheel as a demonstrative example. It explains why such a device cannot generate energy indefinitely, emphasizing that friction at the axle and gravity’s pull on the wheel’s center of mass inevitably bring motion to a halt. Key physics concepts are highlighted: the law of conservation of energy, which forbids creation of energy from nothing, and the inevitable loss of kinetic energy to heat and sound through friction. Historical anecdotes—Bhaskara’s 12th‑century mercury wheel, Zimara’s self‑blowing windmill, and the Oxford electric bell—illustrate repeated failures across centuries. The narrator stresses, “keep looking for the energy source,” and reminds viewers that “you can’t get something for nothing.” He also notes that the U.S. Patent Office stopped granting patents for perpetual motion devices without a working prototype, underscoring institutional recognition of the impossibility. For investors, policymakers, and innovators, the lesson is clear: any proposal promising free, limitless energy should be scrutinized for hidden inputs. Understanding these physical limits protects against fraud, guides realistic renewable‑energy investments, and reinforces the need for scientifically grounded solutions to climate challenges.

Original Description

A wheel that spins forever; a bird that never quenches its thirst; a clock that never stops ticking, an endless source of free energy. These are but the dreams of inventors striving to make perpetual motion machines, machines that can work forever without any energy input. Are these machines possible without violating the laws of physics? No.
Support Dianna during her recovery at patreon.com/physicsgirl
Unbalanced wheel designed, laser cut and assembled by engineer Kyle Kitzmiller - kylekitzmiller.com
Writer: Sophia Chen
Editors: Jabril Ashe and Dianna Cowern
Host: Dianna Cowern
Weather footage: NASA Goddard
Zimara’s Windmill drawing: Burton Lee Potterveld
Cox’s Timepiece drawing - Mr. Cox’s Perpetual Motion, a Prize in the Museum Lottery, single sheet, 225mm. x 174mm., full-page engraving with letterpress on verso, London, 1774. (Ex) Item 4848706
Music: APM and YouTube

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