We Went Inside CERN... Something Bigger Is Happening

New Scientist
New ScientistApr 1, 2026

Why It Matters

The HL‑LHC upgrade will dramatically expand data collection, boosting the odds of discovering dark‑matter particles and other new physics while driving advanced superconducting technologies that benefit industry and medicine.

Key Takeaways

  • CERN upgrades LHC with high‑luminosity magnets for tenfold data boost.
  • New magnets use niobium‑tin superconductors operating at 1.9 K.
  • Director Mark Thompson emphasizes unresolved mysteries: dark matter and particle mass patterns.
  • Upcoming five‑year shutdown will replace 1.2 km of the 27 km ring.
  • Future discoveries expected every decade, not annually, despite current “golden age”.

Summary

The video takes viewers inside CERN’s SM18 hall where Director‑General Mark Thompson discusses the imminent upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to its high‑luminosity incarnation. He explains that the LHC will be switched off for four years starting June 29 to install a new 1.2 km section of cutting‑edge superconducting magnets that will make the machine “ten times brighter” by delivering tenfold more collision data.

Thompson outlines the technical leap: the new magnets rely on niobium‑tin cables cooled to 1.9 K, allowing tighter proton bunches and dramatically higher collision rates. Parallel upgrades to the ATLAS and CMS detectors will replace legacy silicon with next‑generation technology, akin to moving from an iPhone 10 to an iPhone 17. The upgrade is described as the biggest CERN project in two decades.

The director also reflects on the scientific agenda, citing dark matter, the unexplained pattern of particle masses, and the matter‑antimatter asymmetry as the “big questions” that still lack answers. He notes past milestones—W and Z bosons, neutrino mass, the 2012 Higgs boson discovery—and stresses that breakthroughs arrive on a roughly ten‑year cadence, not every year.

The high‑luminosity LHC will extend the reach of particle physics, increasing the probability of spotting rare phenomena such as supersymmetric particles or other dark‑matter candidates. Beyond fundamental science, the superconducting and cryogenic technologies being refined at CERN have downstream applications in medical imaging, quantum computing, and high‑field magnet design, underscoring the broader economic and technological relevance of the upgrade.

Original Description

Mark Thomson is the newly appointed director general of CERN near Geneva, Switzerland. CERN is the world's biggest particle physics laboratory, and its Large Hadron Collider (LHC) smashes particles together at almost the speed of light to understand the fundamental nature of the universe. CERN has been responsible for groundbreaking new physics, most notably the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, and is a world leader in antimatter research. However, in order to probe even deeper, it must run at higher energy levels. We catch up with Thomson at an important juncture, as the LHC is due to shut down for two years for upgrades, paving the way for even more exciting physics. But is there anything left to discover? And are large particle accelerators the future of particle physics?
“There are really big questions that we don't know the answer to,” says Thomson. “Big questions like dark matter. Is the Higgs boson a fundamental particle? Does the Higgs boson interact with the dark matter? At some point, we are going to find answers to some of these really, really big questions."
00:00 Introduction
00:33 The future of science at CERN
01:42 What really happens at CERN
04:35 Who is Mark Thomson?
05:38 How has particle physics changed?
09:58 The search for Dark Matter and Antimatter
11:40 The LHC upgrade
17:18 Antimatter research
23:30 The future of particle physics
25:47 Future Circular Collider
32:10 The collider the end all colliders
35:41 CERN collaborative science
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