Luke Gromen

Luke Gromen

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Founder, FFTT; macro on USD, global liquidity, and policy.

UAE USD Swap Lines May Fund China Investments
SocialApr 24, 2026

UAE USD Swap Lines May Fund China Investments

So…will the USD swap lines Bessent is going to give UAE going to finance the UAE’s newly-signed investments in China? Or are the USD swap lines so UAE doesn’t have to sell USTs to make these investments in China? Or do the...

By Luke Gromen
Bessent's Swap Lines Risk Accelerating US Deindustrialization
SocialApr 24, 2026

Bessent's Swap Lines Risk Accelerating US Deindustrialization

Unless Bessent also extends “permanent swap lines” to the US defense industrial base, this would only accelerate the de-industrialization of the US. Why invest in manufacturing in the US while Bessent is giving cheap USDs to support lower cost competitors around...

By Luke Gromen
China Shifts Commodity Payments to CNY, Sidelines USD Crisis
SocialApr 23, 2026

China Shifts Commodity Payments to CNY, Sidelines USD Crisis

It matters greatly, here's why: 1. China can run out of USD, but it can't run out of CNY. 2. China's biggest USD outflow is in commodity imports - est. $1.5-2.0 trillion in commodities, mostly in energy. 3. So every 10% of their...

By Luke Gromen
Iran Conflict Heightens Threat of Losing Iraq War 2
SocialApr 22, 2026

Iran Conflict Heightens Threat of Losing Iraq War 2

Translation: As a result of the Iran War, we are at increasing risk of losing Iraq War 2.

By Luke Gromen
UAE Threatens Oil Trade Shift to Yuan over USD Shortage
SocialApr 19, 2026

UAE Threatens Oil Trade Shift to Yuan over USD Shortage

UAE to Trump Administration: "You started this war; if we run short of USDs as a result of it, either you will give us USD swap lines, or we will be forced to start transacting oil and gas in CNY...

By Luke Gromen
China Vows to Weaponize Oil Embargo Against US
SocialApr 19, 2026

China Vows to Weaponize Oil Embargo Against US

American strategists: “We are going to cut off China’s oil, thereby wrecking China.” China’s response? Geopolitical/oil politics version of Good Will Hunting: “Give us the wrench…because f*ck them. That’s why.”

By Luke Gromen
US Oil Exec Would Slash Capex Amid Hormuz Price Gap
SocialApr 18, 2026

US Oil Exec Would Slash Capex Amid Hormuz Price Gap

If I was a US oil exec witnessing how Hormuz’s closure for 7 weeks (& counting) has left US oil prices far below global prices while E&P stocks (XOP) have underperformed SPX since March 2, I’d cut 2026 capex, lay...

By Luke Gromen
S&P 2002 Bottom Yields 1156% Gain, Gold Lags
SocialApr 18, 2026

S&P 2002 Bottom Yields 1156% Gain, Gold Lags

Since the bottom in the S&P 500 in 3q 2002: SPX Total Return (blue): Up 1,156% SPX Total Return priced in gold (red): Down 17.5% https://t.co/Ar8IPnAqOe

By Luke Gromen
Gold-Oil Ratio Soars, SPX Tied to Gold
SocialApr 17, 2026

Gold-Oil Ratio Soars, SPX Tied to Gold

Since Trump 2 Inauguration in January 2025: Left chart: Gold/oil ratio (red), oil (blue.) Right chart: SPX (blue); SPX priced in gold (red.) Trump keeps calling everything "golden"; maybe he's trying to tell us something🤔 https://t.co/0AihVavwpP

By Luke Gromen
Paulson Warns of Imminent Vicious Bond Market Crash
SocialApr 16, 2026

Paulson Warns of Imminent Vicious Bond Market Crash

Henry Paulson Says US Should Prepare for a ‘Vicious’ Bond Crash - BBG, 4/16/26 Conspicuous in its timing, IMO. "Why am I reading this now?" https://t.co/odjQGdaGW5

By Luke Gromen
Yield Gaps Reveal Overlooked Oil Supply Risks
SocialApr 15, 2026

Yield Gaps Reveal Overlooked Oil Supply Risks

Orange: UK 10y yields Blue: US 10y yields Light Green: German 10y yields Dark Green: Japan 10y yields Red: China 10y yields 2008 to today. Everyone is focused on sovereign oil supplies; no one is considering oil supplies in context of the chart below. Big mistake...big...yuge https://t.co/BrA762Bo13

By Luke Gromen
China Halts Exports From Plastic Trinkets to Missile Magnets
SocialApr 14, 2026

China Halts Exports From Plastic Trinkets to Missile Magnets

Bessent: “China is stopping exports of various products” Products like “plastic trinkets”, or products like “the rare earth magnets we need to rebuild our missile stockpiles to continue our war v. Iran”? 🤔

By Luke Gromen
US Misunderstands Existential Threat to China, Russia, Iran Supply Chains
SocialApr 12, 2026

US Misunderstands Existential Threat to China, Russia, Iran Supply Chains

100%. Virtually no one in US seems to understand a) This is existential to China & Russia as well as Iran b) What that potentially implies for global supply chains

By Luke Gromen
Freight Rail
SocialApr 11, 2026

Freight Rail

AAR Freight Rail Index (carloads ex-coal & grain) better sequentially, but still down slightly v. 2018 & only up marginally v. 2014. https://t.co/hkyyyWZbjr

By Luke Gromen
Hormuz Closure Threatens Global Supply Chain Collapse
SocialApr 10, 2026

Hormuz Closure Threatens Global Supply Chain Collapse

We said if Hormuz stayed close until mid-April, global supply chains were mathematically certain to begin collapsing, including in the US. Right on cue, on April 10👇 Things will rapidly get much worse from here if Hormuz stays closed “What’s the trade?” =...

By Luke Gromen
China, Russia Threaten Retaliation if Iran Is Flattened
SocialApr 10, 2026

China, Russia Threaten Retaliation if Iran Is Flattened

1. Then open the waterway. 2. Tell us what China and/or Russia have threatened in retaliation for flattening Iran. https://t.co/0WWO6gawpE

By Luke Gromen
Gold, Not Currency, Will Dominate Future Reserves
SocialApr 9, 2026

Gold, Not Currency, Will Dominate Future Reserves

"But what currency will replace the USD in global FX reserves?" -Question I've been asked repeatedly over the past 10 years. "No currency will...gold will." -My answer every time over those 10 years. What if the currency system...

By Luke Gromen
10‑Year Yield Above 4.4% Proves Unmanageable
SocialApr 9, 2026

10‑Year Yield Above 4.4% Proves Unmanageable

Well that is a problem given that in the last couple weeks, the MOVE Volatility Index and US policymakers’ actions (TACO’d every single time 10y hit 4.4%) empirically showed that the US & world cannot handle >4.4% on the 10y. #YouDownWithYCCYeahYouKnowMe

By Luke Gromen
Conflict Outcomes Remain Uncertain, Like Schr
SocialApr 9, 2026

Conflict Outcomes Remain Uncertain, Like Schr

Given "Schroedinger's ceasefire" and "Schroedinger's Hormuz re-opening", thought this was a potentially instructive chart from @johnauthers, via @Bloomberg. #HistoryRhymes https://t.co/86srIVeKMI

By Luke Gromen
First 60 Pages Reveal the Unseen Sprint Ahead
SocialApr 8, 2026

First 60 Pages Reveal the Unseen Sprint Ahead

If you want to know the path we are now sprinting down, read the first 60 pages of this book. The Brits never saw it coming either, until it was too late. https://t.co/oX1NeGWhO7

By Luke Gromen
Ohio Guard F‑16 Wing Conducts Week‑Long Night Flights
SocialApr 7, 2026

Ohio Guard F‑16 Wing Conducts Week‑Long Night Flights

US Air National Guard F-16 fighter wing in Ohio conducting night flying operations all this week 🤔 Source: WTOL https://t.co/H3RjUL5aUQ

By Luke Gromen
Unexpected Twist Challenges Narratives on China's Gold Sales
SocialApr 7, 2026

Unexpected Twist Challenges Narratives on China's Gold Sales

Big non-sequitur to multiple narratives in March about official gold selling & China's level of desperation. 👇

By Luke Gromen
Putin’s Eurozone Bid Once Threatened US‑Europe Ties
SocialApr 6, 2026

Putin’s Eurozone Bid Once Threatened US‑Europe Ties

Here’s another one: Many on X seem to forget that Europe also tried to separate from the US 16 years ago, when Putin said Russia would join the Eurozone, which would have married Russian energy with German engineering, a combo...

By Luke Gromen
EU Tried Pricing Iraqi Oil in Euros, US Halted Independence
SocialApr 6, 2026

EU Tried Pricing Iraqi Oil in Euros, US Halted Independence

Many on X seem to forget that Europe tried to separate from the US 26 years ago, when the EU arranged for Iraq to sell oil in EUR instead of USD (Source: CNN Int’l👇) The EU would have been independent of...

By Luke Gromen
Innovation Requires Production: Rethink USD Reserve for Reindustrialization
SocialApr 6, 2026

Innovation Requires Production: Rethink USD Reserve for Reindustrialization

“To innovate, you must make.” -INTC CEO Andy Grove, 2011 The reality is we cannot and will not reindustrialize unless we change USD reserve status structure to a system with a neutral reserve asset instead of USTs; it’s a fundamental double-entry...

By Luke Gromen
BTC's March Resilience Stems From February Crash Rebound
SocialApr 6, 2026

BTC's March Resilience Stems From February Crash Rebound

I've been surprised by the resilience of BTC over the last month. Initially I thought it might be being bid by flight capital out of the Mideast, but when I look at BTC v. software (IGV), it looks more like BTC...

By Luke Gromen
Gold Leads US Exports, Offsetting Trade Deficits
SocialApr 5, 2026

Gold Leads US Exports, Offsetting Trade Deficits

The US’ single biggest export in February was “non-monetary gold.” Gold has been the US’ biggest export in 4 out of the past 5 months (it was the 2nd biggest export in the 5th mth.) Trump is partially settling US trade deficits...

By Luke Gromen
COVID's Shutdown Cut Oil Demand 9%; Deeper Cuts Impossible without Crisis
SocialApr 4, 2026

COVID's Shutdown Cut Oil Demand 9%; Deeper Cuts Impossible without Crisis

In COVID oil demand was down 9.2% y/y. All it took was shutting down much of the economy & handing out stimmy’s. You think we can shut the economy more than COVID, with no stimulus and without stock & bond markets, banking...

By Luke Gromen
Iran Turns to Euro, France Pays in Yuan
SocialApr 3, 2026

Iran Turns to Euro, France Pays in Yuan

Iranians accepting EUR....or French paying in CNY (after selling gold to China to get CNY)?

By Luke Gromen
Gold Sellers Beware: Iran's CNY Deal Triggers Arbitrage
SocialApr 2, 2026

Gold Sellers Beware: Iran's CNY Deal Triggers Arbitrage

They’ll hold a meeting, realize they can’t open it if the US couldn’t, & then just agree to pay Iran in CNY… …and the easiest/only way to secure CNY is by buying physical gold in USD and selling that gold to...

By Luke Gromen
Logistics, Not Tactics, Determines Missile Priority Amid Chinese Supply Crunch
SocialApr 2, 2026

Logistics, Not Tactics, Determines Missile Priority Amid Chinese Supply Crunch

More evidence US and Israeli interceptor missiles are running down faster than Iranian offensive weapons US, Israel, & Iran are all dependent on China’s factory base to replenish their missiles. Who gets priority? Logistics > tactics.

By Luke Gromen
Critical US Grid Insight Over
SocialApr 1, 2026

Critical US Grid Insight Over

This fact has been emphasized to me for years by execs at a US private electrical infrastructure I have an investment in… …yet it is ignored by most geopolitical analysts and policymakers because it is too inconvenient to acknowledge: https://t.co/CODqrwbKm1

By Luke Gromen
Beijing’s 2002 Strategy Exploited US’s War on Terror
SocialApr 1, 2026

Beijing’s 2002 Strategy Exploited US’s War on Terror

Left: "Much of Beijing's current strategy toward the US was laid down in 2002, when the CCP concluded China faced an unprecedented 20-year 'period of strategic opportunity' [due to] the GWOT distracting US leaders." Right: Cover of this week's The Economist...

By Luke Gromen
Supply‑chain Disruptions Are only Now Fueling Inflation
SocialApr 1, 2026

Supply‑chain Disruptions Are only Now Fueling Inflation

…and the inflation from global supply chain breakdowns that have already begun have likely only just begun being reflected. 😳

By Luke Gromen
Graham’s Shift Signals Trump’s Hidden 4‑D Iran Strategy
SocialApr 1, 2026

Graham’s Shift Signals Trump’s Hidden 4‑D Iran Strategy

Why is Lindsey Graham (arguably the warmonger-in-chief of the Iran war) now advocating for “winding down” the Iran war, given that by all accounts, it is an elaborate 4-D chess play by Trump that is going according to plan or...

By Luke Gromen
Foreign Central Banks Cut UST Holdings to 2012 Low
SocialMar 31, 2026

Foreign Central Banks Cut UST Holdings to 2012 Low

"Foreign central bank holdings of USTs at NY Fed fall to lowest level since 2012 in wake of Iran war" Via @seaniechaos https://t.co/VIiwJqrZAY

By Luke Gromen
New Iranian Regime, Yet Hormuz Remains Closed
SocialMar 30, 2026

New Iranian Regime, Yet Hormuz Remains Closed

So Iran is “defeated” (per Karoline Leavitt yesterday) with a “new and more reasonable regime” in charge…and yet Hormuz is still not open? 🤔 https://t.co/HQqiKfhcrY

By Luke Gromen
Weekly Market Cycle: Optimism Monday, Panic Wednesday, Crash Friday
SocialMar 29, 2026

Weekly Market Cycle: Optimism Monday, Panic Wednesday, Crash Friday

Interestingly, last week multiple senior fund managers pointed out to me that this pattern has held for each of the last 3 weeks: “TACO/positive news” Monday, “uh-oh” by Wednesday, “dumpster fire” by Friday

By Luke Gromen
10‑Year Treasury Yield Signals Oil’s Impending Downturn
SocialMar 29, 2026

10‑Year Treasury Yield Signals Oil’s Impending Downturn

Sec. Bessent, February 2025: "Judge us by the 10y UST yield." 10y UST yield (blue, RS) v. oil, since Bessent said that 👇 "3 Arrows" about to turn into "0-for-3 Arrows": https://t.co/goqhygmgv6

By Luke Gromen
US Food and Energy Self‑sufficiency Is an Illusion
SocialMar 29, 2026

US Food and Energy Self‑sufficiency Is an Illusion

US is "self-sufficient in food & energy"... ...but US food & energy supply chains are now HIGHLY centralized, fragile, & long (& usually stretch back to China.) "US is self-sufficient in food & energy" is like the man who drowned in a...

By Luke Gromen
Hormuz Closure Likely Drives 10‑Year Yields Higher
SocialMar 26, 2026

Hormuz Closure Likely Drives 10‑Year Yields Higher

As long as Hormuz stays closed (which is highly likely near term), 10y UST yields will likely keep rising until either Fed or Treasury are forced to inject USD liquidity (into an oil spike & increasingly fracturing global supply chains)...

By Luke Gromen
U.S. Bases in Gulf Largely Uninhabitable, Kuwait Worst
SocialMar 25, 2026

U.S. Bases in Gulf Largely Uninhabitable, Kuwait Worst

“Many of the 13 military bases in the region used by American troops are all but uninhabitable, with the ones in Kuwait, which is next door to Iran, suffering perhaps the most damage.” -NYT just now First MSM admission I’ve seen of...

By Luke Gromen
2019 Book Predicted Missile‑Drone Dominance
SocialMar 25, 2026

2019 Book Predicted Missile‑Drone Dominance

2019 book that predicted the “missiles + drones > naval ships” dynamic we are watching play out in real time in Hormuz. Martyanov’s warnings apparently fell on deaf ears in DC unfortunately. https://t.co/4nsMkPDhTm

By Luke Gromen
Hormuz Closure Threatens World Economy, Outweighs US Strikes
SocialMar 25, 2026

Hormuz Closure Threatens World Economy, Outweighs US Strikes

...and yet Hormuz remains closed. The US bragging about how many targets we've hit in Iran while Hormuz remains closed is the geopolitical equivalent of "Every kid gets a trophy", because Hormuz closure means the world economy is on the clock. Another...

By Luke Gromen
Trump Hints at Hormuz Delay Due to Rapid Interceptions
SocialMar 24, 2026

Trump Hints at Hormuz Delay Due to Rapid Interceptions

One of the charms of Trump is that he will sometimes tell you what is really happening if you read between the lines. For example, here he all but told us the real reason Hormuz isn't open yet. I would think interception...

By Luke Gromen
US Yield Rise Threatens Debt Spiral Amid Oil Tensions
SocialMar 24, 2026

US Yield Rise Threatens Debt Spiral Amid Oil Tensions

Update: 10y UST yields (blue, RS1) USDJPY*oil (red, LS) USDCNY*oil (green, RS2) Hormuz is still closed; China still has several years of oil inventories; 10y UST yields are ~20-30 bps from triggering a US & global debt spiral. What happens first? Let's watch. https://t.co/ixdOHnatCg

By Luke Gromen
Long-Term Treasuries Turn Risk‑On, Driven by Hedge‑Fund Basis Trades
SocialMar 23, 2026

Long-Term Treasuries Turn Risk‑On, Driven by Hedge‑Fund Basis Trades

LT USTs are now a "risk-on" asset: 10y UST yields UP on risk-off, DOWN on risk-on. This is the price action you would expect when 37% of net issuance of UST notes & bonds since 2022 have been bought by "Cayman...

By Luke Gromen
US Debt Surge Mirrors 1980s Argentine Crisis
SocialMar 22, 2026

US Debt Surge Mirrors 1980s Argentine Crisis

In 1973, US debt/GDP was 31%...today it's 122%. US fiscal deficit/GDP was 1%...today, it's 6% on its way to 8-10% (or more if the war drags on.) Translation: "That 70s Show" will feel like "1980s Argentina with US characteristics."

By Luke Gromen
Long‑term UST Holders Lost ~80% Purchasing Power
SocialMar 22, 2026

Long‑term UST Holders Lost ~80% Purchasing Power

Joke's on you - anyone that has owned LT USTs for the past 10 years has already had their purchasing power destroyed (ZB priced in gold down ~80% since global CB's stopped buying USTs on net in 3q14 & ramped...

By Luke Gromen