Louis Bouchard

Louis Bouchard

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Making AI accessible on YouTube, Substack, and our Courses. Co-founder @towards_ai @hlr_newsletter. Ex-Ph.D. student @Mila_Quebec @polymtl.

Free Webinar: Core Skills Every AI Engineer Needs
SocialMay 9, 2026

Free Webinar: Core Skills Every AI Engineer Needs

I recorded a 1-hour webinar on AI Engineering Foundations, covering what AI engineers actually need to know today: how LLMs work, their limitations, when to use prompting, RAG, workflows, or agents, and why evaluations and security matter before production. It's free. Check...

By Louis Bouchard
Align Intent and Skill Levels for Effective AI Training
SocialMay 8, 2026

Align Intent and Skill Levels for Effective AI Training

If you're investing in AI training for your team, read this before you book anything. We've trained developers at dozens of companies to become AI engineers. And the biggest problem is never the content. It's the setup. Here are the two biggest...

By Louis Bouchard
Beyond AI Hype: Deep Dives Into Anthropic Controversies
SocialMay 7, 2026

Beyond AI Hype: Deep Dives Into Anthropic Controversies

AI news is fast. Understanding it properly is not. So I made a new playlist for that. I just published 3 deeper, story-driven videos where I go beyond the weekly hype cycle and unpack what actually happened: 1. Who's Really Stealing From Whom? ...

By Louis Bouchard
ChatGPT’s Politeness Comes From Human‑ranked Preference Tuning
SocialMay 5, 2026

ChatGPT’s Politeness Comes From Human‑ranked Preference Tuning

ChatGPT doesn't sound helpful by accident. Someone taught it to sound that way. After the model learns to follow instructions, labs show it thousands of answer pairs. Humans pick which response feels clearer, friendlier, or more useful. The model learns the preferred style. This...

By Louis Bouchard
Claude Code’s “Undercover Mode” Hides AI Identity
SocialMay 4, 2026

Claude Code’s “Undercover Mode” Hides AI Identity

Anthropic has a feature in Claude Code literally called "undercover mode." No off switch. It quietly tells Claude to never reveal it's an AI. Kind of a wild choice from the company whose whole brand is transparency 👀 https://t.co/3qR3JbyZ8q

By Louis Bouchard
Claude Code's Three‑Layer Memory Keeps Sessions Coherent
SocialMay 2, 2026

Claude Code's Three‑Layer Memory Keeps Sessions Coherent

Claude Code doesn't dump everything into your context window. It uses a three-layer memory system that keeps it coherent across sessions lasting days. Layer 1 is a lightweight index, always in context. Layer 2 is topic files, loaded only when needed....

By Louis Bouchard
Claude Code Doesn't Dump Everything Into Your Context Window. It Uses a Three-Layer Memory System Th
VideoMay 2, 2026

Claude Code Doesn't Dump Everything Into Your Context Window. It Uses a Three-Layer Memory System Th

The video explains how Claude Code, Anthropic’s code‑assistant platform, avoids filling its massive token window by employing a three‑layer memory architecture. Layer 1 is a minimal index—about 150 characters per line across fewer than 200 lines—that merely points to where the actual...

By Louis Bouchard
Open‑source AI Often Built on Closed‑model Distillation
SocialMay 1, 2026

Open‑source AI Often Built on Closed‑model Distillation

Some "open source" AI models have a secret. They were trained using outputs from closed models like ChatGPT and Claude. The weights are free. The code is public. Anyone can run them. But the intelligence inside came from somewhere else. This technique is called...

By Louis Bouchard
Life Shouldn't Revolve Around API Peaks and Token Limits
SocialApr 29, 2026

Life Shouldn't Revolve Around API Peaks and Token Limits

Are you also planning your life around agents running, api peak hours and token limits?

By Louis Bouchard
Friends Use AI for Fun, Not Professional Tasks
SocialApr 29, 2026

Friends Use AI for Fun, Not Professional Tasks

i don't get how most of my friends have never opened claude or chatgpt for their professional work, but did for random questions

By Louis Bouchard
Verification Becomes the New Bottleneck for Self‑improving AI
SocialApr 29, 2026

Verification Becomes the New Bottleneck for Self‑improving AI

AI agents can now generate endless ways to improve themselves. New prompts. New code. New plans. New experiments. New tool calls. That is not the bottleneck anymore. The bottleneck is the verifier. How do you know the new version is actually better?

By Louis Bouchard
Show Up Daily: Exercise Fuels Reset, Ideas, Progress
SocialApr 29, 2026

Show Up Daily: Exercise Fuels Reset, Ideas, Progress

People talk a lot about morning routines, time blocking, structured days. That's never been me. What I do have is sport, every single day. Bouldering, gym, running, cycling, tennis in summer. Not as a strategy. I just genuinely need it. Climbing fully turns...

By Louis Bouchard
Repeated LLM Failures Frustrate Users Seeking Simple Tasks
SocialApr 27, 2026

Repeated LLM Failures Frustrate Users Seeking Simple Tasks

This is probably the most frustrating (repeated) interaction I've had with LLMs ever since ChatGPT. I truly hope Anthropic still scan for "ffs, F**KING" to work on these as a priority. I've never thought I'd say that, but, in this case, I...

By Louis Bouchard
ChatGPT Generates Real‑World Running Plan That Works
SocialApr 27, 2026

ChatGPT Generates Real‑World Running Plan That Works

I asked ChatGPT to build me a running training plan instead of hiring a trainer. I wanted to test one thing. If I give ChatGPT all my data (Strava history, PRs, volume...), does the plan it builds actually work? Will I...

By Louis Bouchard
Vibecoding with Claude 😅
VideoApr 26, 2026

Vibecoding with Claude 😅

The video frames Claude, Anthropic’s conversational AI, as a “coding intern” that can churn out snippets, tests, and pull‑requests at speed. The presenter warns that while the tool accelerates routine tasks, developers must treat its output as a draft, not...

By Louis Bouchard
Grounding Makes AI Answer Honestly, Not Guess
SocialApr 26, 2026

Grounding Makes AI Answer Honestly, Not Guess

Ever uploaded a document to ChatGPT and asked a question about it? The answer you got came from grounding. When you ask a model a question without any file, it answers from memory. Whatever it learned during training. Sometimes right, sometimes made up. Grounding...

By Louis Bouchard
Recursive Self‑improvement Already Exists, Not Just Hype.
SocialApr 24, 2026

Recursive Self‑improvement Already Exists, Not Just Hype.

Recursive self-improvement is not AGI hype. And it’s not just prompt tuning either. Karpathy’s autoresearch ran 700 experiments on a single GPU, improved its own training code, and kept what worked. This loop is already here. I break down how it works,...

By Louis Bouchard
From Community to Sponsor: Small Steps Yield Big Milestones
SocialApr 23, 2026

From Community to Sponsor: Small Steps Yield Big Milestones

This one felt a bit surreal. For the first time, @towards_AI was sponsoring an event. And seeing our logo there… was honestly wild. A few years ago, this was just content, courses, and a community we were building step by step. Now we are...

By Louis Bouchard
Prioritize Ethical, Efficient AI over Mere Feasibility
SocialApr 22, 2026

Prioritize Ethical, Efficient AI over Mere Feasibility

We’re entering a phase where “can we build it?” matters less than “should we build it this way?” Energy, cost, and latency are becoming very important societal decisions. LLMs are powerful, but they’re not always the right abstraction. Good (AI) engineering is knowing...

By Louis Bouchard
Beyond 30‑Second AI Hype: Deep Story Videos
SocialApr 21, 2026

Beyond 30‑Second AI Hype: Deep Story Videos

Most AI stories are told in 30 seconds. That is exactly why so many people misunderstand them. Lately, I have been seeing the same pattern again and again: viral clips, narrow takes, confident opinions... and almost none of the actual context. Then people ask...

By Louis Bouchard
Prompt with “Think Hard” To Unlock More Model Reasoning
SocialApr 18, 2026

Prompt with “Think Hard” To Unlock More Model Reasoning

Tip of the day. In the end, Claude is just like us! It wants to impress its peers 😂 Honestly, it's surprising, but such prompts can actually truly help models perform better. I often, non-sarcastically, use sentences like "think hard on this one"...

By Louis Bouchard
Model Distillation Makes AI Cheaper, Shifts Competitive Moat
SocialApr 17, 2026

Model Distillation Makes AI Cheaper, Shifts Competitive Moat

Everyone is accusing everyone of “stealing AI” But almost nobody is explaining what’s actually happening. Distillation. → Query a stronger model at scale → Collect outputs (reasoning, code, decisions) → Train your own to imitate it No weights. Just behavior. This worked in 2023 for $600. Replicating...

By Louis Bouchard
Claude's New Prompt Length Limit Frustrates Users
SocialApr 17, 2026

Claude's New Prompt Length Limit Frustrates Users

I don't know what Claude did to Cowork's system prompt, but God, that's annoying. Some skills it could always do, but now it keeps on saying "are you sure, because it is too long to do?" However, you prompt it. I understand...

By Louis Bouchard
Subscriber’s Gratitude Validates Free AI Resource Model
SocialApr 14, 2026

Subscriber’s Gratitude Validates Free AI Resource Model

Someone just sent me this after subscribing to my newsletter... Honestly, this quite hit me. When I started this newsletter, the goal was simple: Make AI more accessible. One place to share everything: videos repos courses presentations workshops ... No noise. No hype. Just useful and often **against conventional wisdom** content,...

By Louis Bouchard
AI Can't Fix Bad Targeting; Prioritize Relevance First
SocialApr 12, 2026

AI Can't Fix Bad Targeting; Prioritize Relevance First

The hardest part of AI is not about writing the perfect prompt. The hardest part is knowing who you’re actually talking to. AI won’t fix bad targeting. It just helps you scale it faster. Automated “AI-generated outreach” fails for the same reason this text...

By Louis Bouchard
Embeddings vs Latent Space Explained Simply
VideoApr 10, 2026

Embeddings vs Latent Space Explained Simply

The video clarifies the distinction between embeddings and latent space in modern AI models. Embeddings are concrete vectors—lists of numbers—that encode textual data for external tasks such as search, clustering, or retrieval‑augmented generation. By contrast, latent space refers to the...

By Louis Bouchard
Simplify Agent Architecture: Choose Workflow Over Multi-Agent
SocialApr 8, 2026

Simplify Agent Architecture: Choose Workflow Over Multi-Agent

You don't need to overcomplicate your Agent Architecture. Do you also jump to multi-agent when a simple workflow would do the job faster, cheaper, and with far less debugging? I made a free Agent Architecture Cheatsheet to help you decide: - Workflow vs...

By Louis Bouchard
One Tool‑enabled Agent Beats Overcomplicated Multi‑agent Setups
SocialApr 6, 2026

One Tool‑enabled Agent Beats Overcomplicated Multi‑agent Setups

A client asked us to build a multi-agent system for their marketing chatbot. They had the whole thing mapped out. One agent for planning. One for retrieval. One for generation. One for validation. A full squad.😅 I'll be honest, it looked good...

By Louis Bouchard
Add Guardrails, Not Just Prompts, for Better AI
SocialApr 5, 2026

Add Guardrails, Not Just Prompts, for Better AI

I let Claude Code loop for 45 minutes while I was at the gym. Came back. It told me the feature was done. It wasn't. It hadn't even run the tests. Not because the model is dumb. Because I wrapped it in nothing but...

By Louis Bouchard
Why Fine-Tuning Won’t Fix Your Company Data Problem
VideoApr 4, 2026

Why Fine-Tuning Won’t Fix Your Company Data Problem

The video explains why fine‑tuning a large language model is the wrong remedy when it hallucinates about internal company data. While fine‑tuning adjusts the model’s parameters and can teach tone or high‑level domain expertise, it does not guarantee that the...

By Louis Bouchard
Pentagon's Access Demand Leads to First US AI Blacklist
SocialApr 3, 2026

Pentagon's Access Demand Leads to First US AI Blacklist

The US government blacklisted an AI company for the first time in American history. Anthropic was already deep inside classified systems. Then the Pentagon demanded unrestricted access. Anthropic said no. Got labelled a national security risk. OpenAI rushed in with their...

By Louis Bouchard
Autonomous Agents Won’t Worsen AI Bias Despite Added Capabilities
SocialApr 2, 2026

Autonomous Agents Won’t Worsen AI Bias Despite Added Capabilities

A lot of people have the same instinctive reaction when they hear about autonomous agents: if AI models already have biases, then giving them memory, tools, long-term planning, and the ability to act should obviously make the problem worse. That sounds...

By Louis Bouchard
Will AI Agents Make Bias Worse?
VideoApr 1, 2026

Will AI Agents Make Bias Worse?

The video asks whether increasingly autonomous AI agents will magnify existing biases, using a hiring‑assistant scenario to illustrate the stakes. It clarifies that bias in large language models is simply statistical reflection of training data, not a moral choice, and that...

By Louis Bouchard
LLMs Reward Quality, Replace Quantity-Driven Mediocrity
SocialMar 31, 2026

LLMs Reward Quality, Replace Quantity-Driven Mediocrity

LLMs are not making expertise less valuable. They are making mediocre work easier to replace. Quantity is cheap now. Judgment, taste, and direction are not. We need fewer people. But we need better ones. To be clear, I am not saying beginners are doomed. I am saying...

By Louis Bouchard
AI Is a Tool, Not a Replacement for Learning
SocialMar 31, 2026

AI Is a Tool, Not a Replacement for Learning

I sincerely hope the first take in this post is trolling. Yes, school should evolve. Of course it should. AI changes what we do and how we do it. But the point of education was never just memorizing facts or producing perfectly...

By Louis Bouchard
Preserve Whole Tables in RAG to Stop Hallucinations
SocialMar 30, 2026

Preserve Whole Tables in RAG to Stop Hallucinations

Your RAG pipeline answers everything correctly. Except anything from a table. Pricing data. Comparison charts. Structured specs. Ask about any of these and the answer is either wrong or completely made up. The model isn't hallucinating because it's bad. It's hallucinating because it never...

By Louis Bouchard
Context or RAG Isn’t Training; only Fine‑tuning Changes the Model
SocialMar 29, 2026

Context or RAG Isn’t Training; only Fine‑tuning Changes the Model

If you paste your company data into ChatGPT, you did NOT just train it. ❌ I keep getting different versions of this same question: → Can I inject knowledge directly into the model? → Does adding data through RAG actually change how the...

By Louis Bouchard
Why the U.S. Government Turned on Anthropic
VideoMar 27, 2026

Why the U.S. Government Turned on Anthropic

The video unpacks the Pentagon’s showdown with AI startup Anthropic, focusing on the February 2026 episode where the U.S. government threatened to bar the company unless it stripped two controversial safeguards from its cloud‑based models. Anthropic had already been supplying classified‑level...

By Louis Bouchard
Latent Space Isn't a Modifiable Database—Use Prompting or RAG
SocialMar 27, 2026

Latent Space Isn't a Modifiable Database—Use Prompting or RAG

The latent space is not a database inside your model. You can't open it. you can't edit it. you can't inject facts into it. When words enter an LLM, they become vectors. These vectors get transformed again and again across many layers. All those...

By Louis Bouchard
Human Learning Is Process‑based; LLMs Learn only From Outcomes
SocialMar 22, 2026

Human Learning Is Process‑based; LLMs Learn only From Outcomes

Both humans and LLMs use reinforcement to learn. But the mechanism is not the same. When you learn a climbing move, the feedback is continuous. You fall, adjust your grip, shift weight, feel tension through your body. Your internal model updates in...

By Louis Bouchard
Unchecked Tool Calls Turn Errors and Costs Into System Crises
SocialMar 21, 2026

Unchecked Tool Calls Turn Errors and Costs Into System Crises

What actually happens when you add a 'tool' to a multi-agent system? In Part 1, we covered 3 hidden complexities. Here are 3 more that we've seen show up only in production. 4️⃣ Tool Outputs Become a Single Point of Failure Your agent picked...

By Louis Bouchard
AI Engineering Cheatsheets: Instant Decision Guides for Production
SocialMar 20, 2026

AI Engineering Cheatsheets: Instant Decision Guides for Production

I just put together a repo with all my AI engineering cheatsheets as markdown files (because sometimes all you need is the right reference at the right time). Cheatsheets are really powerful for making quick engineering decisions. You don't have to...

By Louis Bouchard
Stop Preparing for AI Interviews the Wrong Way
VideoMar 19, 2026

Stop Preparing for AI Interviews the Wrong Way

The video addresses a common question—how to prepare for AI engineering interviews, especially the growing prevalence of 24‑hour take‑home assignments. Unlike traditional white‑board coding, these projects evaluate a candidate’s end‑to‑end thinking rather than rote knowledge. The speaker argues that memorizing definitions...

By Louis Bouchard
Clear Prompts, Not Models, End AI Writing Slop
SocialMar 18, 2026

Clear Prompts, Not Models, End AI Writing Slop

I made a free Anti-Slop Prompt Template that fixes the #1 problem with AI writing. The problem isn't the model. It's the instructions. Vague instructions give the AI room to be generic. These rules fix that. Here's what's inside: - A 7-section template...

By Louis Bouchard
No, Pasting Data Into ChatGPT Does Not Train It
VideoMar 16, 2026

No, Pasting Data Into ChatGPT Does Not Train It

The video tackles a common misconception: pasting company documents into ChatGPT does not train the model. It clarifies the difference between simple prompting, Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG), and genuine model fine‑tuning, emphasizing that only weight adjustments constitute real learning. Key insights include...

By Louis Bouchard
Revenue Follows Quality, Not the Other Way Around
SocialMar 14, 2026

Revenue Follows Quality, Not the Other Way Around

I realized I don't care about my revenue now.💸 Not because money doesn't matter. But because revenue is just a consequence. What I actually care about: - Did our students get a job after the course? - Did they build something real? - Did they message...

By Louis Bouchard
Master LLM Engineering at UphillConf 2026 Workshop
SocialMar 13, 2026

Master LLM Engineering at UphillConf 2026 Workshop

I've spent years teaching AI engineering (mostly online). This May, I'm taking it to the stage. I'll be at @uphillconf 2026 in Bern, Switzerland. A full-day workshop on May 7 and a conference talk on May 8. → 1/Workshop - May 7 "AI Engineering...

By Louis Bouchard
Most People Prepare Wrong for AI Engineering Interviews
BlogMar 9, 2026

Most People Prepare Wrong for AI Engineering Interviews

The post argues that most candidates prepare incorrectly for AI engineering interviews, focusing on perfect answers or flashy demos instead of the underlying problem‑solving process. Interviewers are more interested in how candidates approach ambiguity, make trade‑offs, evaluate their work, and...

By Louis Bouchard
What I Look For When Hiring AI Engineers
VideoMar 9, 2026

What I Look For When Hiring AI Engineers

In the video, Louis Bouchard outlines the core attributes he seeks when hiring AI engineers, emphasizing a blend of solid theoretical knowledge, practical implementation skills, and the ability to translate research into production. He highlights the importance of problem‑solving mindset,...

By Louis Bouchard