Foreign Affairs

Foreign Affairs

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Strategy and geopolitics journal (includes defense).

Let Iran Defeat Itself
NewsApr 28, 2026

Let Iran Defeat Itself

President Trump initially called for Iranians to rise up and promised regime change, but within weeks the administration retreated, framing the conflict as a limited war aimed at preventing a nuclear bomb. The war has installed a new generation of...

By Foreign Affairs
The Iran War’s Threat to Turkey
NewsApr 27, 2026

The Iran War’s Threat to Turkey

Turkey is striving to stay neutral in the escalating Iran‑U.S./Israel war, drawing on its World War II balancing act as a diplomatic model. Despite this stance, Ankara faces security gaps after its Russian S‑400 purchase left it excluded from key NATO...

By Foreign Affairs
The Other China Flash Point
NewsApr 24, 2026

The Other China Flash Point

While Taiwan remains the headline flashpoint in U.S.-China tensions, the South China Sea is emerging as a more immediate trigger for conflict. Beijing’s aggressive coercion—ranging from water‑cannon attacks to axe‑wielded assaults—has injured Filipino and Vietnamese mariners and escalated confrontations with...

By Foreign Affairs
A Gaza for Gazans
NewsApr 23, 2026

A Gaza for Gazans

Rebuilding Gaza is one of the most massive urban recovery tasks in modern history, with roughly 60 million tons of rubble covering an area comparable to a midsize U.S. city. Over 70 percent of its buildings have been destroyed, a level of...

By Foreign Affairs
How China and Russia Can Exploit the Iran War
NewsApr 23, 2026

How China and Russia Can Exploit the Iran War

The U.S.–Israeli conflict with Iran is giving Russia and China a strategic opening to weaken American influence in the Middle East. Moscow is supplying weapons to Tehran and using the war to test anti‑air systems, while Beijing is securing energy...

By Foreign Affairs
America Should Be Israel’s Partner, Not Its Patron
NewsApr 22, 2026

America Should Be Israel’s Partner, Not Its Patron

The United States and Israel have moved from a patron‑client dynamic to a true partnership, highlighted by joint operations against Iran. Decades‑old U.S. military aid—about $3 billion annually, roughly 7% of Israel’s defense budget—now appears outdated as Israel’s economy and capabilities...

By Foreign Affairs
The New Trade Order
NewsApr 21, 2026

The New Trade Order

At Davos, Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney called for a "new trade order" to correct imbalances in the global economy, invoking Václav Havel’s 1978 essay on powerlessness. He urged multinationals and governments to prioritize supply‑chain resilience, fair labor standards, and climate‑aligned tariffs....

By Foreign Affairs
A Grand Strategy of Consolidation
NewsApr 21, 2026

A Grand Strategy of Consolidation

A new U.S. defense blueprint calls for a dramatic consolidation of forces, shifting the primary focus to homeland security while delegating distant perimeter defense to allies. The plan mirrors the United Kingdom’s 1904 strategic pivot, prompting alarm from establishment hawks...

By Foreign Affairs
The Iran War Is an Expectations Game
NewsApr 21, 2026

The Iran War Is an Expectations Game

The United States and Iran entered a two‑week cease‑fire on April 8, yet both sides claim outright victory. While U.S. forces inflicted heavy damage with minimal casualties, the American public expects regime change, not just tactical success. Iran, by contrast, frames...

By Foreign Affairs
How to Fight an Economic War
NewsApr 21, 2026

How to Fight an Economic War

At Davos, former Bank of England governor Mark Carney warned that globalization has morphed into economic warfare, with great powers weaponising tariffs, finance and supply‑chain dependencies. The United States and China now dominate key chokepoints—U.S. dollar payments, AI chips and...

By Foreign Affairs
North Korea as It Is
NewsApr 21, 2026

North Korea as It Is

Victor Cha’s May/June 2026 essay argues the United States should pursue a “cold peace” with North Korea. He traces U.S. awareness of the regime’s nuclear ambitions back to the early 1990s, noting the lack of delivery capability then and the long...

By Foreign Affairs
Kim’s Dangerous Liaisons
NewsApr 21, 2026

Kim’s Dangerous Liaisons

In June 2024 Russian President Vladimir Putin made his first trip to North Korea in 25 years, culminating in the signing of a Treaty on Comprehensive Strategic Partnership with Kim Jong Un. The ceremony featured extensive North Korean pageantry, underscoring the regime’s propaganda style....

By Foreign Affairs
Can Saudi Arabia Keep Hedging?
NewsApr 20, 2026

Can Saudi Arabia Keep Hedging?

Saudi Arabia has adopted a cautious stance as the Iran‑Israel‑U.S. conflict escalates, opting not to retaliate against Iranian strikes in the Gulf. Despite the heightened security risk, Riyadh continues to sustain its oil output, signaling a commitment to market stability....

By Foreign Affairs
The G-2’s Missing Link
NewsApr 20, 2026

The G-2’s Missing Link

U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping are slated to meet in Beijing in mid‑May 2026, a summit that follows their first face‑to‑face G‑2 encounter in South Korea last year. The term “G‑2” has sparked debate among allies,...

By Foreign Affairs
The Iran War Is a Win for China
NewsApr 17, 2026

The Iran War Is a Win for China

The ongoing Iran war is reshaping global geopolitics by cementing China’s role as a key energy supplier and strategic partner in the region. As Tehran leans on Beijing for diplomatic cover and infrastructure financing, Washington’s planned summit with Xi has...

By Foreign Affairs
America and Iran’s Long Road to Peace
NewsApr 17, 2026

America and Iran’s Long Road to Peace

The United States and Iran held their first in‑person talks in a decade this April, with Vice President JD Vance and Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf leading the delegations. The overnight negotiations produced a preliminary framework for a comprehensive security pact,...

By Foreign Affairs
Europe Still Needs China
NewsApr 17, 2026

Europe Still Needs China

A new analysis by Tsinghua professor Da Wei argues that Europe remains heavily dependent on China for critical technologies, rare‑earth supplies, and infrastructure investment. While the United States is increasingly using sanctions and security pressure to curb Chinese influence, the EU’s...

By Foreign Affairs
Cyberwar’s New Frontier
NewsApr 16, 2026

Cyberwar’s New Frontier

The article warns that autonomous cyber‑agents are moving from theory to operational reality, capable of launching attacks in minutes and persisting undetected across critical sectors. It highlights the U.S. 2026 Cyber Strategy’s embrace of such agents while noting severe staffing...

By Foreign Affairs
For Iran, Hormuz Is More a Weakness Than a Weapon
NewsApr 15, 2026

For Iran, Hormuz Is More a Weakness Than a Weapon

The United States launched a naval blockade of the Strait of Hormuz six weeks into its conflict with Iran, aiming to choke a critical chokepoint for global oil shipments. While analysts have long viewed Tehran’s control of Hormuz as a...

By Foreign Affairs
The Tech High Ground
NewsApr 15, 2026

The Tech High Ground

The United States must overhaul its technology strategy to counter China’s expanding control over critical supply‑chain nodes such as batteries, rare‑earths, and biotech inputs. Washington’s plan centers on four high‑ground pillars: revitalizing the techno‑industrial base, accelerating military innovation, building a...

By Foreign Affairs
The Real Thucydides Trap
NewsApr 14, 2026

The Real Thucydides Trap

Joshua Rovner’s April 14, 2026 essay warns that the classic “Thucydides Trap”—the tendency for a rising power to clash with an established hegemon—now applies to U.S.–China relations. He argues that Chinese confidence, demonstrated by recent drills around Taiwan, combined with U.S. strategic...

By Foreign Affairs
How Congress Can Help Ukraine
NewsApr 14, 2026

How Congress Can Help Ukraine

The article argues that Congress should adopt a Taiwan Relations Act‑style framework to provide sustained, bipartisan support for Ukraine amid President Donald Trump’s erratic peace overtures. It highlights Trump’s 28‑point plan, which many view as overly favorable to Russia, and...

By Foreign Affairs
A Test of Wills in Iran
NewsApr 14, 2026

A Test of Wills in Iran

The United States and Iran failed to reach a cease‑fire agreement during talks in Pakistan, leaving their war unresolved. Washington pressed Tehran to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, curb its nuclear and missile programs, and halt support for proxy groups....

By Foreign Affairs
The Trouble With Permanent Alliances
NewsApr 13, 2026

The Trouble With Permanent Alliances

The United States has relied on permanent alliances such as NATO, South Korea and Thailand since World War II, a strategy that worked during the Cold War but now hampers flexibility in a multipolar world. Historically, alliances were temporary coalitions formed...

By Foreign Affairs
How to End the Iran Crisis
NewsApr 13, 2026

How to End the Iran Crisis

U.S. and Iranian negotiators abruptly ended peace talks, with the nuclear program proving the decisive sticking point. The recent war crippled Iran’s enrichment facilities but left its scientific expertise and long‑term capability largely intact. Analysts argue that coercive pressure alone...

By Foreign Affairs
Why the Cease-Fire With Iran Will Hold
NewsApr 11, 2026

Why the Cease-Fire With Iran Will Hold

On April 7 the United States and Iran agreed to a two‑week cease‑fire, framing the conflict as a draw rather than a decisive victory. Both sides entered the truce exhausted, having realized that continued escalation would cost more than any strategic...

By Foreign Affairs
Venezuela’s Treacherous Recovery
NewsApr 10, 2026

Venezuela’s Treacherous Recovery

The United States has installed an interim caretaker government in Venezuela after removing President Maduro, opening the door to a potential economic rebound driven by oil, mining and diaspora capital. Restoring oil production could require more than $100 billion and a...

By Foreign Affairs
Europe’s New Defense Core
NewsApr 10, 2026

Europe’s New Defense Core

Facing an increasingly hostile Russia and a wavering U.S. security guarantee, the EU is racing to build a home‑grown defense architecture. Brussels has launched a $175 bn loan program and a modest €4.6 bn annual research fund, but most of the heavy...

By Foreign Affairs
How a Cease-Fire Can Lead to Disaster
NewsApr 9, 2026

How a Cease-Fire Can Lead to Disaster

The article warns that the April 7 cease‑fire ending the U.S.–Israel air campaign against Iran could repeat the post‑Desert Storm quagmire the United States faced in Iraq. It argues that leaving Tehran’s regime in place but weakened will force a costly...

By Foreign Affairs
Don't Partition Sudan Again
NewsApr 8, 2026

Don't Partition Sudan Again

Three years into Sudan’s devastating civil war, the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) control the north, east and central regions while the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) dominate Darfur and Kordofan, creating a de facto partition with rival governments and economies. Both sides...

By Foreign Affairs
How the Iran War Will Upend the Global Economy
NewsApr 8, 2026

How the Iran War Will Upend the Global Economy

In late March Israel and Iran struck gas fields in the Persian Gulf, creating a sharp supply shock that will push global energy prices higher. The disruption has already prompted U.S. markets to price in further Federal Reserve rate hikes...

By Foreign Affairs
America and China Can Make AI Safer
NewsApr 7, 2026

America and China Can Make AI Safer

The article argues that the United States and China, as the world’s leading AI developers, must cooperate to make artificial intelligence safer. It highlights how AI can be weaponized to create pathogens, launch autonomous cyber‑attacks, or spread convincing deepfakes, posing...

By Foreign Affairs
Europe Is Stuck With America
NewsApr 6, 2026

Europe Is Stuck With America

European leaders are confronting deep economic and military reliance on the United States after a year of Trump‑era tariffs, threats to withdraw troops, and pressure on energy supplies. The U.S. now accounts for over 20% of Europe’s exports and supplies...

By Foreign Affairs
The Iran Shock
NewsApr 6, 2026

The Iran Shock

Within weeks of the U.S.-Israeli attack on Iran, Tehran’s near‑shutdown of the Strait of Hormuz halted roughly 20% of global oil and LNG transit, sending crude prices up 55% and gasoline up about $1 per gallon. The disruption exposed the...

By Foreign Affairs
America Is Losing the Innovation Race
NewsApr 1, 2026

America Is Losing the Innovation Race

China has transformed from a manufacturing hub into an innovation powerhouse, outpacing the United States in electric vehicles, batteries, robotics, next‑generation nuclear power and hypersonic missiles. The surge stems from a decade‑long, state‑driven strategy that funds basic research, talent development...

By Foreign Affairs
A Post-American Persian Gulf?
NewsApr 1, 2026

A Post-American Persian Gulf?

The U.S.-Israeli war with Iran has slashed oil and LNG flows through the Strait of Hormuz to roughly five percent of normal levels and damaged Qatar's Ras Laffan LNG plant, threatening a $20 billion annual export loss. Gulf states face immediate economic...

By Foreign Affairs
The Price of Strategic Incoherence in Iran
NewsMar 27, 2026

The Price of Strategic Incoherence in Iran

The Trump administration launched a preventive war against Iran without a clear strategy linking military means to political ends. It set overlapping goals—nuclear denial, missile neutralization, and regime change—yet achieved only tactical degradation while inflaming Tehran’s resolve. Repeated strikes have...

By Foreign Affairs
The False Promise of “Flexible Realism”
NewsMar 26, 2026

The False Promise of “Flexible Realism”

The authors argue that President Donald Trump’s foreign‑policy brand of “flexible realism” is a rhetorical veneer lacking substantive strategic coherence, especially evident in his aggressive posture toward Iran. By invoking Thucydides‑style power politics, the administration claims pragmatism while pursuing erratic...

By Foreign Affairs
Why Russia Is Losing the Sahel
NewsMar 25, 2026

Why Russia Is Losing the Sahel

Since 2020 Russia has pursued a resource‑for‑security strategy in the Sahel, backing coups in Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger with Wagner mercenaries and intelligence support. Over five years the Kremlin’s footprint has stalled: a modest force of roughly 2,500 fighters cannot...

By Foreign Affairs
The Myth of Authoritarian Stability in the Middle East
NewsMar 25, 2026

The Myth of Authoritarian Stability in the Middle East

President Donald Trump has openly pursued an authoritarian replacement for Iran’s late Supreme Leader, echoing a long‑standing U.S. belief that autocratic rule ensures regional stability. The article argues that this myth has deepened since the Arab Spring, as Gulf monarchies...

By Foreign Affairs
Will Iran Turn to Terrorism?
NewsMar 24, 2026

Will Iran Turn to Terrorism?

Operation Epic Fury has prompted Tehran to openly threaten terrorist attacks against the United States and its allies, citing the recent killing of Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei as justification. Iran’s Qods Force and proxy networks have accelerated recruitment of criminal groups and sleeper...

By Foreign Affairs
China Is Squeezing Southeast Asia
NewsMar 24, 2026

China Is Squeezing Southeast Asia

China’s Belt and Road and the China‑ASEAN FTA have made Southeast Asia its largest trading partner, with roughly $126 bn of Chinese investment over the past decade. Yet the region’s trade deficit with Beijing has swelled to about $140 bn in 2024...

By Foreign Affairs
How China Forgot Karl Marx
NewsMar 23, 2026

How China Forgot Karl Marx

China’s labor share fell from 21% in 1987 to 15% in 2023, leaving workers with a shrinking slice of economic output. Despite dramatic poverty reduction, wages in manufacturing now rank near the bottom of a 87‑country survey, and the minimum...

By Foreign Affairs
Trump, Xi, and the Case for Strategic Calm
NewsMar 20, 2026

Trump, Xi, and the Case for Strategic Calm

After a decade of heightened tensions, Washington and Beijing entered a tentative détente when President Donald Trump and Xi Jinping signed a Busan agreement in October 2025 that paused new U.S. tariffs and eased Chinese restrictions on rare‑earths and magnets....

By Foreign Affairs
How Iran Sees the War
NewsMar 20, 2026

How Iran Sees the War

In late February the United States and Israel launched a full‑scale war against Iran, assassinating Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and striking dozens of military, governmental and civilian targets. Within three weeks the campaign has crippled key energy facilities, airports and infrastructure,...

By Foreign Affairs
How America’s War on Iran Backfired
NewsMar 17, 2026

How America’s War on Iran Backfired

The Atlantic Council’s Nate Swanson argues that the United States’ aggressive posture toward Iran has backfired, culminating in an Iranian missile strike on central Israel and a diplomatic reversal. Tehran, emboldened by U.S. missteps, is now positioning itself to set...

By Foreign Affairs
Europe Cannot Be a Military Power
NewsMar 17, 2026

Europe Cannot Be a Military Power

Since World War II Europe has depended on the United States for its security while deepening economic integration through the EU. Recent U.S. actions—ranging from aggressive diplomatic posturing to conditional NATO demands—have exposed the fragility of this arrangement. European leaders are...

By Foreign Affairs
Why Russia Is Watching Iran Burn
NewsMar 16, 2026

Why Russia Is Watching Iran Burn

The Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty signed by Putin and Iran’s president formalized political ties but contains no mutual‑defense clause. When the United States and Israel struck Iran in early 2024, Russia issued condemnations yet provided only limited intelligence and drone‑tactic...

By Foreign Affairs
How Takaichi Can Triumph
NewsMar 16, 2026

How Takaichi Can Triumph

Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi leveraged her landslide snap‑election win to double down on a U.S.-centric security strategy, positioning Japan as the linchpin of a broader Indo‑Pacific coalition against China. Her approach directly counters Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney’s call...

By Foreign Affairs