A recent study maps New York City’s “Blue Zones,” revealing that roughly one‑fifth of the metropolis sits in areas vulnerable to past, present, and future flooding. Natural low‑lying regions such as the Rockaway peninsula, Staten Island swamps, and Jamaica Bay already face chronic inundation, while human‑made fill zones in Lower Manhattan present the greatest adaptation challenge. The city’s flood‑protection plan targets these landfill districts, but much of the densely built core sits on higher ground, offering a modest buffer against sea‑level rise. However, a 25‑foot rise would still threaten iconic sites like Trinity Church and many waterfront neighborhoods.
The author argues that Artemis and other space programs are fundamentally engineering achievements, not merely scientific experiments. He emphasizes that design—leveraging materials, analysis tools, and modeling—is the core discipline that makes such missions possible. By drawing parallels to Old Structures...