Rory Johnston

Rory Johnston

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Founder, Commodity Context; oil market data/analysis, balances & prices

CFTC Probes Pre‑announcement Volume Spikes, Seeks Trader IDs
SocialApr 15, 2026

CFTC Probes Pre‑announcement Volume Spikes, Seeks Trader IDs

👀 “The CFTC is looking into at least two instances [March 23 and April 7] over a period of about two weeks where trading volumes surged shortly before major announcements, the people said. Data requested from the exchanges include the...

By Rory Johnston
Iran Views Closed Strait as Leverage Amid Time‑Wasting Crisis
SocialApr 15, 2026

Iran Views Closed Strait as Leverage Amid Time‑Wasting Crisis

From Iran's perspective keeping the Strait closed for a full month while not being actively bombed is an ideal position from which to continue building steady leverage. Truly hope this ends soon, but, again, this remains a crisis of lost time—and...

By Rory Johnston
US Petroleum Inventories Drop 9M Barrels, Crude Rally Stalls
SocialApr 15, 2026

US Petroleum Inventories Drop 9M Barrels, Crude Rally Stalls

US total commercial petroleum stocks fell by 9 million barrels last week. Crude was down by 0.9 MMbbl, gasoline by 6.3 MMbbl, and diesel by 3.2 MMbbl. Crude had been building faster than usual over the past month and appears to now...

By Rory Johnston
Extreme Brent Backwardation Pushes Physical Prices $20 Above Dated Brent
SocialApr 14, 2026

Extreme Brent Backwardation Pushes Physical Prices $20 Above Dated Brent

Charting the Brent complex today to add some context to the numbers bouncing around. Pretty well everything weird in the current oil market can be explained via *extreme* backwardation (i.e., near-term delivery premia), and as you can see the intense futures...

By Rory Johnston
Questioning Panic over Possible Hormuz Closure
SocialApr 14, 2026

Questioning Panic over Possible Hormuz Closure

"I don't get why people fret about the Strait of Hormuz being closed for six weeks when it might not be closed sometime in the future" https://t.co/2QU64RAu5W

By Rory Johnston
Bullish on Oil as Hormuz Closure Sparks Market Tension
SocialApr 14, 2026

Bullish on Oil as Hormuz Closure Sparks Market Tension

I'm used to oil hate because, well, I'm not a permabull and normally the dooming is deeply overwrought This episode has been weird bc I'm bullish oil given THE STRAIT OF HORMUZ HAS BEEN CLOSED FOR SIX WEEKS and now I've...

By Rory Johnston
April Sees 10 MMbpd Crude Draw in First Nine Days
SocialApr 14, 2026

April Sees 10 MMbpd Crude Draw in First Nine Days

Good morning, oil watchers. Vortexa tracking crude/condy stock draws of 10 MMbpd through the first 9 days of April. That's a lot.

By Rory Johnston
Dated vs Prompt Brent Futures Spread Widening
SocialApr 14, 2026

Dated vs Prompt Brent Futures Spread Widening

Dated Brent crude vs prompt Brent futures Normally pretty tight, but not right now. Mind the gap. https://t.co/sTrTsmJpQs

By Rory Johnston
Optimism OK, but Market Data Refutes “No‑need” Claim
SocialApr 14, 2026

Optimism OK, but Market Data Refutes “No‑need” Claim

Nothing wrong with believing that the Iran War will soon end and Hormuz will be reopened next week. Feels sanguine at this point, but possible and I hope you’re right But you’re irresponsibly wrong if you argue that market reaction thus...

By Rory Johnston
34 Hormuz‑crossing Ships Possibly Gathered in One Room
SocialApr 13, 2026

34 Hormuz‑crossing Ships Possibly Gathered in One Room

are the 34 ships that crossed Hormuz today in the room with us now? https://t.co/R9lTj4xb7T

By Rory Johnston
IEA Anticipates Additional SPR Releases Amid Gulf Shutdowns
SocialApr 13, 2026

IEA Anticipates Additional SPR Releases Amid Gulf Shutdowns

IEA ready for further SPR releases on top of the record 400 million barrels already announced. Even if this crisis ends by the end of the month the market is looking at upwards of a BILLION barrels unproduced given Gulf shut-ins. Won't...

By Rory Johnston
OPEC+ Crude Output Hits Record Low Since 1990
SocialApr 13, 2026

OPEC+ Crude Output Hits Record Low Since 1990

OPEC+ crude production fell to an all-time low for the expanded producer group in March. And for OG OPEC, its the lowest recorded crude production since Desert Storm in 1990. https://t.co/SUrjKb3ZLD

By Rory Johnston
Hormuz Crisis Triggers Localized, Bumpy Demand Destruction
SocialApr 13, 2026

Hormuz Crisis Triggers Localized, Bumpy Demand Destruction

Normally I talk about the two main types of demand destruction: Price elasticity (i.e., gasoline is really expensive so I'll drive less or buy an EV) vs Income elasticity (high oil prompted a financial crisis and I lost my job) But given how...

By Rory Johnston
Trump's Iran Oil Blockade Threatens Global Supply, Economy
SocialApr 12, 2026

Trump's Iran Oil Blockade Threatens Global Supply, Economy

Quoted alongside @reziemba in this @WSJ writeup on the implications of Trump’s threatened blockade of Iranian oil exports and what it means for the oil supply—and global economic—outlook. https://t.co/ndEafAkcaG

By Rory Johnston
Iran Poised to Hit Upstream Oil if Tanker Seized
SocialApr 12, 2026

Iran Poised to Hit Upstream Oil if Tanker Seized

All eyes on the first Iranian tanker to test Trump’s blockade. Iran has thus far left most upstream oil production assets and export infrastructure untouched, but that’s Tehran’s next obvious escalatory ramp should the US Navy attack/seize an Iranian tanker.

By Rory Johnston
US Vows Impartial Hormuz Blockade, Protects Non‑Iranian Navigation
SocialApr 12, 2026

US Vows Impartial Hormuz Blockade, Protects Non‑Iranian Navigation

More restrained than Trump’s blanket Hormuz blockade announced this morning. CENTCOM: “The blockade will be enforced impartially against vessels of all nations entering or departing Iranian ports and coastal areas, including all Iranian ports on the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of...

By Rory Johnston
Hormuz Offset Claims Exaggerated, Real Capacity Far Lower
SocialApr 12, 2026

Hormuz Offset Claims Exaggerated, Real Capacity Far Lower

Bunch of people have asked so to answer directly: these Hormuz offset numbers are entirely bunk. Absolutely fair to be optimistic about the war ending and Hormuz reopening, but it’s fundamentally flawed to say we’re offset the Hormuz supply loss and...

By Rory Johnston
All Tanker Types Mapped: Dirty, Clean, Gas Carriers
SocialApr 12, 2026

All Tanker Types Mapped: Dirty, Clean, Gas Carriers

Since folks seem to love tanker maps, here's ALL the tankers, courtesy of @Vortexa. Blue are dirty tankers (crude, fuel oil, etc.), white are clean product tankers (gasoline, diesel, etc.) and orange are gas carriers (LNG, LPG, etc.) https://t.co/FNC46mr4l2

By Rory Johnston
Trump Vows to Double Blockade if Houthis Block Strait
SocialApr 12, 2026

Trump Vows to Double Blockade if Houthis Block Strait

Don’t worry, folks—if the Houthis block the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait, Trump will just double blockade it.

By Rory Johnston
Hormuz Closure Could Cut Gulf Output by 15 MMbpd
SocialApr 12, 2026

Hormuz Closure Could Cut Gulf Output by 15 MMbpd

Current Middle East Gulf production shut-ins stand at ~13 MMbpd (out of a ~105 MMbpd market) If Trump blockades the Strait and forces Iran to shut in production that total rises to ~15 MMbpd. It’s been strange to see Iran continue to...

By Rory Johnston
Quick Summary of Today’s Strait of Hormuz Events
SocialApr 12, 2026

Quick Summary of Today’s Strait of Hormuz Events

This morning’s Strait of Hormuz developments, summarized so you don’t need to read the president’s rambling morning long-posts: https://t.co/KWcJKMp2QV

By Rory Johnston
Iran's New Hormuz Demand Echoes Pre‑war Dispute
SocialApr 11, 2026

Iran's New Hormuz Demand Echoes Pre‑war Dispute

Same core disagreement from before the war started. (Oh, also, Iran now demands control of Hormuz, which it obviously didn’t before) https://t.co/P2i5MVuzpB

By Rory Johnston
Three VLCCs Mark Iran War’s Biggest Outbound Flow
SocialApr 11, 2026

Three VLCCs Mark Iran War’s Biggest Outbound Flow

By volume today's 3 VLCCs represented the largest outbound tanker flow thus far in the Iran War. Rather than vessel count, the Bloomberg chart below shows deadweight tonnage. https://t.co/OG2Rjb6Vtp

By Rory Johnston
Reduced Odds Trump Would Enforce Oil Export Ban
SocialApr 11, 2026

Reduced Odds Trump Would Enforce Oil Export Ban

Let’s look on the bright side—all else equal, this probably reduced the odds Trump imposed an oil export ban.

By Rory Johnston
Oil Prices Drop After Iran Ceasefire, Hormuz Still Closed
SocialApr 10, 2026

Oil Prices Drop After Iran Ceasefire, Hormuz Still Closed

🛢️ OIL & IRAN WAR CONTEXT WEEKLY 🛢️ Crude prices collapsed following the announcement of an Iran War ceasefire, during which attacks have continued, to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, which remains closed; all eyes on weekend negotiations Summary below, full report...

By Rory Johnston
Empty VLCCs Rush to US, Relieving Hormuz‑Starved Markets
SocialApr 10, 2026

Empty VLCCs Rush to US, Relieving Hormuz‑Starved Markets

Very cool seeing the wave of empty tankers heading to the US to pick up some desperately needed crude for Hormuz-starved markets. All the tankers on the map below are empty VLCCs (~2 million barrel capacity each) currently heading for the...

By Rory Johnston
PEMEX Confirms Olmeca Refinery Safe After Petcoke Fire
SocialApr 10, 2026

PEMEX Confirms Olmeca Refinery Safe After Petcoke Fire

*PEMEX SAYS OLMECA REFINERY IS SAFE, OPERATIONAL AFTER FIRE It was reported to have been a fire in petcoke storage. The number of people I saw being like "CoInCiDenCe?!" smh

By Rory Johnston
Futures Can Diverge From Spot Prices Long-Term
SocialApr 10, 2026

Futures Can Diverge From Spot Prices Long-Term

While phys/spot crude $ HAS to reflect immediate supply/demand pressures, and the spread to future cargoes needs to reflect scarcity (backwardation) or surplus (contango), futures $ never NEED to converge—and can remain steeply below—to those same levels in the short/medium-term

By Rory Johnston
Gulf Shut‑ins Suggest Negative Prices, Futures Mislead
SocialApr 10, 2026

Gulf Shut‑ins Suggest Negative Prices, Futures Mislead

Here's something to think about and chew on: The mass production shut-ins across the Gulf (~13 MMbpd) imply effectively negative crude prices West of Hormuz—otherwise they could and would still be selling to someone. But futures markets are "implying" (as far as...

By Rory Johnston
Trump's Flip‑flopping on Iran's Hormuz Toll Deal
SocialApr 9, 2026

Trump's Flip‑flopping on Iran's Hormuz Toll Deal

One of my favourite things about Iran’s Hormuz tolls aspirations is that Trump can’t decide where he stands on the issue. Some days he couldn’t care less, other days like today he claims it’s a dealbreaker, yesterday he was musing about...

By Rory Johnston
Record Prompt Backwardation Drives Extreme Spot Premiums
SocialApr 9, 2026

Record Prompt Backwardation Drives Extreme Spot Premiums

The vast majority of the “dislocation between physical and paper barrels” is very simply extreme backwardation, meaning the steep premiums for spot deliverable barrels (as BBG referred to them today, ASAP barrels) relative to later-dated cargoes. Crude futures curves have...

By Rory Johnston
Live Talk: Iran War Ceasefire's Impact on Oil
SocialApr 9, 2026

Live Talk: Iran War Ceasefire's Impact on Oil

Sitting down with @notthreadguy for a live conversation about the Iran War, the "ceasefire", and what it all means for oil. Starting now, tune in!

By Rory Johnston
Kuwait Air Defenses Counter Ongoing Drone Attacks
SocialApr 9, 2026

Kuwait Air Defenses Counter Ongoing Drone Attacks

I WAS ASSURED THAT THE FIRING HAD CEASED [Kuwaiti] air defenses in the Armed Forces are currently dealing with hostile attacks from drones that penetrated the country's airspace, targeting a number of vital facilities.

By Rory Johnston
Iran's 15‑ship Limit Won't Mean 15 VLCCs
SocialApr 9, 2026

Iran's 15‑ship Limit Won't Mean 15 VLCCs

I'm not sure who needs to hear this but Iran's 15-ship daily limit isn't going to be 15 VLCCs each laden with 2 million barrels of oil.

By Rory Johnston
Brent Rebounds Above $97, Still Far From $110 Peak
SocialApr 9, 2026

Brent Rebounds Above $97, Still Far From $110 Peak

Brent crude back above $97, still well below the $110 we were at pre-“ceasefire” announcement, but ~$7 off this morning’s low. https://t.co/I0q5dXg0RD

By Rory Johnston
Ceasefire Uncertain, Hormuz Still Blocked, Oil Market Stressed
SocialApr 9, 2026

Ceasefire Uncertain, Hormuz Still Blocked, Oil Market Stressed

Spoke with @PnPCBC earlier today about the Iran War "ceasefire", how the rough first day still had plenty of fire on both sides, how flow through Hormuz has yet to actually resume, and what it all means for the supply-starved...

By Rory Johnston
Ceasefire Fails as Hormuz Shipping Hits Weekly Low
SocialApr 8, 2026

Ceasefire Fails as Hormuz Shipping Hits Weekly Low

A ceasefire, in which attacks continue on both sides To reopen the Strait of Hormuz, which is now more closed than yesterday with the fewest daily ship crossings in more than a week https://t.co/9NH0BmZ5Qv

By Rory Johnston
Drone Strikes Saudi East-West Oil Pipeline Pumping Station
SocialApr 8, 2026

Drone Strikes Saudi East-West Oil Pipeline Pumping Station

“Saudi Arabia’s East-West oil pipeline carrying crude from the Gulf to the Red Sea for export has been attacked, the Financial Times reports, citing two unidentified people familiar with the matter.” - pumping station was hit at 1 p.m. local time -...

By Rory Johnston
Read Iran's 10‑point List Before Trusting Trump's Optimism
SocialApr 8, 2026

Read Iran's 10‑point List Before Trusting Trump's Optimism

Do yourself a favour and actually read Iran's 10-point conditions list that Trump optimistically referred to as a "basis for negotiations"

By Rory Johnston
Hormuz Rerouting Offsets Shortfall, yet 13 MMbpd Remains
SocialApr 8, 2026

Hormuz Rerouting Offsets Shortfall, yet 13 MMbpd Remains

Flow through the Strait of Hormuz doesn't need to re-reach pre-war levels to normalize global balances thanks to rerouting (and constant Iran flow) But we still have ~13 MMbpd of production shut-in That's how much more we'll need to push through Hormuz...

By Rory Johnston
Tomorrow’s Hormuz Tanker Count Cuts Through Market Noise
SocialApr 8, 2026

Tomorrow’s Hormuz Tanker Count Cuts Through Market Noise

Let’s see how many tankers cross the Strait of Hormuz tomorrow. Literally everything else is noise.

By Rory Johnston
Hormuz Ceasefire Permits Mere 10‑15 Ships Daily
SocialApr 8, 2026

Hormuz Ceasefire Permits Mere 10‑15 Ships Daily

From account close to Tehran—not saying it’s correct, but it’s the first real colour we’re getting on what any interim Hormuz reopening during the ceasefire could look like: “During the two-week ceasefire, only about 10 to 15 ships will be permitted...

By Rory Johnston
Strait Reopening Will Eliminate Dark Ship
SocialApr 8, 2026

Strait Reopening Will Eliminate Dark Ship

Heads up that if that Strait *actually* reopens, ships will be crossing with their AIS transponders on so we can cut it with all the contested dark (ie AIS off) transit estimates.

By Rory Johnston
Today's Brent Mirrors 2014 Levels After Inflation Adjustments
SocialApr 7, 2026

Today's Brent Mirrors 2014 Levels After Inflation Adjustments

Dated Brent was at ~$105 in April 2014, before the BIG shale-induced rout in crude prices. Adjusting for inflation, that's roughly where we are today. And the Strait of Hormuz remains closed. (Also the lapsed appropriations note at the bottom of the BLS'...

By Rory Johnston
Exports Lag Production; Inventory Loads Faster than Restart
SocialApr 6, 2026

Exports Lag Production; Inventory Loads Faster than Restart

Keep in mind that exports ≠ production. Production was shut in because after they stopped loading new tankers inventory capacity was rapidly exhausted—they'll be able to load tankers from that same inventory much sooner than they'll be ablet to get field...

By Rory Johnston
Iran's Draft Rejects Ceasefire, Demands Permanent War End
SocialApr 6, 2026

Iran's Draft Rejects Ceasefire, Demands Permanent War End

“Response has 10 clauses, rejects a ceasefire while demanding a permanent end to the war in line with Iran’s considerations… … also includes a protocol for safe passage through the Strait, reconstruction & lifting sanctions” So it’s either fire and brimstone or...

By Rory Johnston
Early Signs Suggest Iraq Flow Could Become Significant
SocialApr 5, 2026

Early Signs Suggest Iraq Flow Could Become Significant

There’s something to this Iraq stuff, even if it’s still too early to say how consequential this flow will grow to be https://t.co/S1itXIUl4L

By Rory Johnston
Double‑digit Prompt Spreads Demand Explicit Delivery Month Quotes
SocialApr 5, 2026

Double‑digit Prompt Spreads Demand Explicit Delivery Month Quotes

When you need to explicitly include delivery months in all crude futures price quotes because we have double digit prompt timespreads https://t.co/cvrXe7FuP3

By Rory Johnston
War Claims Near End, yet Satellite Images Suppressed
SocialApr 4, 2026

War Claims Near End, yet Satellite Images Suppressed

> say war is almost over for weeks > repeatedly jawbone oil market lower > say war definitely nearly done > pressure satellite imagery providers to *indefinitely* withhold imagery from war zone that could help market (and public) make their own judgements

By Rory Johnston