Will China Be the Real Winner From the Iran War? | The Economist

The Economist
The EconomistApr 2, 2026

Why It Matters

A deteriorating U.S. global standing and China’s pursuit of new chokeholds could redraw geopolitical supply‑chain maps, directly affecting corporate risk assessments and investment decisions worldwide.

Key Takeaways

  • China seeks new chokeholds beyond rare earths, targeting pharma precursors
  • Trump’s chaotic, transactional style viewed as exploitable by Beijing
  • U.S. global favorability plunges while China’s perception gradually rises
  • China remains a free rider, avoiding leadership in emerging disorder
  • Declining U.S. alliances could reshape trade, energy, and technology dynamics

Summary

The Economist panel debates whether China will emerge as the real winner of the Iran war, examining Beijing’s strategic obsession with "chokeholds" – from rare‑earth dominance to prospective control of pharmaceutical precursors – and how the conflict reshapes global power balances.

Participants note that China sees President Trump’s chaotic, transactional approach as an opportunity to leverage its own supply‑chain weapons, while simultaneously fearing a stronger, hawkish U.S. response if Trump’s weakness triggers a shift in Washington’s foreign‑policy establishment. A striking poll of 42 nations shows U.S. favorability plunging into negative territory as China’s image slowly climbs, underscoring a broader soft‑power erosion.

Concrete examples punctuate the analysis: Iran’s Strait of Hormuz leverage, the Philippines’ new joint oil‑gas venture with Beijing, and China’s continued reliance on the existing international order without assuming leadership. The discussion also highlights Beijing’s status‑quo mindset, its reluctance to adapt despite rhetoric about transformative change, and the risk that a destabilised U.S. could leave China exposed to supply‑chain volatility.

The implications are clear: a weakening United States may accelerate realignment of trade, energy, and technology networks, forcing multinational firms to reassess risk exposure and supply‑chain strategies, while China’s free‑riding posture could become a strategic liability if global disorder deepens.

Original Description

What does Xi Jinping make of Donald Trump’s war in Iran? The Economist’s deputy editor Edward Carr, geopolitics editor David Rennie and foreign editor Adam Roberts have spent a week in China. They draw on their insights to discuss with editor-in-chief Zanny Minton Beddoes about what the third Gulf war means for China, Taiwan and the global balance of power.
#Iran #US #China #Trump #UnitedStates
00:00 - How does China see the war in Iran?
02:34 - What does the war in Iran mean for American soft power?
06:08 - Is China ready to become the next global superpower
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