The Guardian – Economics

The Guardian – Economics

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UK and global macroeconomics, inflation and policy.

UK Government Borrowing Costs Rise as Starmer ‘Fails to Reassure Bond Markets’ – Business Live
NewsMay 11, 2026

UK Government Borrowing Costs Rise as Starmer ‘Fails to Reassure Bond Markets’ – Business Live

UK gilt yields rose sharply on Monday as Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s speech failed to calm bond markets, pushing the 30‑year yield to 5.67% and the 10‑year to just above 5%. The uptick follows internal Labour pressure for a leadership timetable...

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Households Bracing for New Cost of Living Crisis, Report Finds
NewsMay 11, 2026

UK Households Bracing for New Cost of Living Crisis, Report Finds

A PwC survey released in April shows UK consumer confidence plunging to –13, the steepest decline since mid‑2022, as inflation ticked up to 3.3% and the Iran‑Israel conflict fuels cost pressures. Almost nine‑in‑ten households say they are worried about the...

By The Guardian – Economics
‘It’s Like We Went Bankrupt Overnight’: Poorest Somalis Suffer as Piles of Worthless Shillings Mount Up
NewsMay 11, 2026

‘It’s Like We Went Bankrupt Overnight’: Poorest Somalis Suffer as Piles of Worthless Shillings Mount Up

Somali traders in Mogadishu have begun refusing the country’s deteriorating shilling notes, prompting businesses and transport operators to follow suit. The move has instantly driven up prices for essentials such as milk and vegetables, as consumers are forced to pay...

By The Guardian – Economics
Four in Five Britons Worried Iran War Will Make Food More Expensive, Poll Finds
NewsMay 6, 2026

Four in Five Britons Worried Iran War Will Make Food More Expensive, Poll Finds

A poll by Opinium shows 80% of Britons fear the Iran‑Israel conflict will raise grocery prices. The war’s impact on oil, gas and fertiliser markets has already pushed energy costs higher, prompting retailers to urge the UK government to cut...

By The Guardian – Economics
Reform UK’s Immigration Policies Are a Significant Risk to the UK Economy | Sushil Wadhwani
NewsMay 5, 2026

Reform UK’s Immigration Policies Are a Significant Risk to the UK Economy | Sushil Wadhwani

Reform UK’s anti‑immigration platform could trigger a forced departure of up to two million residents, far exceeding prior deportation targets. The resulting loss of foreign‑born NHS staff and other skilled workers would strain health services, raise waiting lists, and ripple through...

By The Guardian – Economics
NatWest Faces £140m Hit From Iran War as UK Growth Slows and Inflation Rises
NewsMay 1, 2026

NatWest Faces £140m Hit From Iran War as UK Growth Slows and Inflation Rises

NatWest posted a 12% rise in operating profit to $2.54 billion in Q1, beating consensus, but warned that the Iran‑Israel conflict will cost the bank about $178 million and trigger a $360 million impairment. The lender cut its base‑case UK GDP growth forecast...

By The Guardian – Economics
Why Bank Kept Interest Rates on Hold Despite Message for UK to Brace Itself for Trumpflation
NewsApr 30, 2026

Why Bank Kept Interest Rates on Hold Despite Message for UK to Brace Itself for Trumpflation

The Bank of England left its policy rate unchanged despite inflation now expected to peak above 3.5% by year‑end, a level a full percentage point higher than pre‑war forecasts. A worst‑case oil‑price scenario of $130 a barrel could drive inflation...

By The Guardian – Economics
Reliance on Chinese Green Tech Poses ‘Serious’ Risk for Europe, Experts Say
NewsApr 29, 2026

Reliance on Chinese Green Tech Poses ‘Serious’ Risk for Europe, Experts Say

A new report warns that Europe’s heavy reliance on Chinese green technology poses serious economic and national‑security risks. China provides 98% of the continent’s solar panels, 88% of lithium‑ion batteries and 61% of inverters, creating a vulnerable supply chain. The...

By The Guardian – Economics
Rachel Reeves’s Fiscal Rules Buffer Should Be ‘Significantly Larger’, Say Peers
NewsApr 28, 2026

Rachel Reeves’s Fiscal Rules Buffer Should Be ‘Significantly Larger’, Say Peers

The House of Lords economic affairs committee says Chancellor Rachel Reeves should expand the fiscal‑rules buffer well beyond the £22 bn ($28 bn) she created after last year’s tax hike. The peers note the current buffer is still below the £30 bn ($38 bn)...

By The Guardian – Economics
Britain Is Undermining the Care Workers It Depends on | Heather Stewart
NewsApr 26, 2026

Britain Is Undermining the Care Workers It Depends on | Heather Stewart

Labour’s new immigration reforms would extend the waiting period for indefinite leave to remain (ILR) to up to 15 years for migrant social‑care workers, affecting more than 300,000 staff currently on low‑paid visas. The government claims the changes will save...

By The Guardian – Economics
Oil Hits Highest Level Since US-Iran Ceasefire Began, as Conflict Hurts Gulf Crude Production – as It Happened
NewsApr 24, 2026

Oil Hits Highest Level Since US-Iran Ceasefire Began, as Conflict Hurts Gulf Crude Production – as It Happened

Brent crude rose to $105 a barrel, the highest level since the US‑Iran ceasefire was announced in early April, as fighting in the Middle East curtails Gulf crude output. The price surge follows a jump from sub‑$70 earlier in 2026...

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Braces for Price Rises Driven by Iran War as Economic Confidence Plummets
NewsApr 23, 2026

UK Braces for Price Rises Driven by Iran War as Economic Confidence Plummets

UK consumer confidence slipped to its lowest level since October 2023 as the Iran war fuels inflation expectations. Business surveys reveal rising cost pressures, with more than a quarter of firms planning price hikes, driven largely by higher energy costs....

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Jobs Market Was in a Fragile State – Even Before Iran War Threatened Recovery
NewsApr 21, 2026

UK Jobs Market Was in a Fragile State – Even Before Iran War Threatened Recovery

The UK unemployment rate slipped to 4.9% in the three months to February, but the labour market remains fragile as economic inactivity rose and pay‑rolled jobs fell by 65,000 year‑on‑year in March. Wage growth slowed to 3.8% annually, the weakest...

By The Guardian – Economics
Quarter of a Million People Could Lose Job by Middle of 2027 as UK ‘Flirts with Recession’, Analysis Says
NewsApr 20, 2026

Quarter of a Million People Could Lose Job by Middle of 2027 as UK ‘Flirts with Recession’, Analysis Says

A joint analysis by EY’s Item Club and Deloitte warns that the UK could lose up to 250,000 jobs by mid‑2027 as the country “flirts with recession” after the US‑Israel war on Iran disrupted oil supplies and spiked energy costs....

By The Guardian – Economics
Reeves Rightly Fears the Bond Market, but She Can Afford to Ditch One Unhelpful Rule | Phillip Inman
NewsApr 18, 2026

Reeves Rightly Fears the Bond Market, but She Can Afford to Ditch One Unhelpful Rule | Phillip Inman

Chancellor Rachel Reeves is confronting rising bond‑vigilante pressure as UK borrowing costs jump to 4.9% on 10‑year gilts. She has pledged to cut the annual deficit below 2% by 2031, a target praised by IMF chief Kristalina Georgieva. Reeves’ fiscal plan...

By The Guardian – Economics
Cuts to Overseas Aid Will Worsen Shocks to Global Economy, David Miliband Says
NewsApr 17, 2026

Cuts to Overseas Aid Will Worsen Shocks to Global Economy, David Miliband Says

Former British foreign secretary David Miliband warned that recent cuts to overseas aid by the United States, United Kingdom and other wealthy nations risk amplifying economic shocks stemming from the Iran war. He cited OECD data showing a $174.3 bn reduction...

By The Guardian – Economics
Ukraine War Briefing: €90bn EU Loan for Ukraine to Be Released in Second Quarter
NewsApr 17, 2026

Ukraine War Briefing: €90bn EU Loan for Ukraine to Be Released in Second Quarter

The European Union will begin disbursing a €90 billion (≈ $98 billion) loan to Ukraine in the second quarter, announced by EU economy commissioner Valdis Dombrovskis at the IMF‑World Bank spring meetings. The funding comes as Russia escalates drone and missile attacks, killing...

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Economy on ‘Stronger Footing’ than Expected Before Energy Shock After February Growth Surge – Business Live
NewsApr 16, 2026

UK Economy on ‘Stronger Footing’ than Expected Before Energy Shock After February Growth Surge – Business Live

UK February GDP surged 0.5% month‑on‑month, far outpacing the 0.1% consensus, driven by a broad‑based services rebound and a 1.0% jump in construction output. Deutsche Bank’s Sanjay Raja says the economy entered the Iran‑related energy shock on a stronger footing,...

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Could Face Gaps on Supermarket Shelves by Summer if Iran War Continues
NewsApr 16, 2026

UK Could Face Gaps on Supermarket Shelves by Summer if Iran War Continues

UK ministers are preparing for a ‘reasonable worst‑case scenario’ as the Iran‑Israel conflict threatens to keep the Strait of Hormuz closed, potentially disrupting carbon‑dioxide supplies essential for food processing. The government’s Exercise Turnstone, run by the Cobra emergency committee, includes...

By The Guardian – Economics
IMF Calls for Countries to Economise on Energy Supplies, and Hails UK’s Budget Deficit Improvement – as It Happened
NewsApr 15, 2026

IMF Calls for Countries to Economise on Energy Supplies, and Hails UK’s Budget Deficit Improvement – as It Happened

The International Monetary Fund praised the United Kingdom for cutting its budget deficit from 6.1% of GDP in 2024 to 5.4% in 2025, and projects it will fall to 3.9% in 2026 and 1.6% by 2031, the lowest among G7...

By The Guardian – Economics
How the US-Israel War on Iran Is Affecting African Economies
NewsApr 15, 2026

How the US-Israel War on Iran Is Affecting African Economies

The US‑Israel blockade of the Strait of Hormuz has choked a key oil and fertilizer corridor, driving fuel prices up 30‑70% across Africa and as high as 150% in Somalia. East African and some North African nations that depend on...

By The Guardian – Economics
IMF Says Strait of Hormuz Closure Raises Prospect of ‘Major Energy Crisis’ – Video
NewsApr 15, 2026

IMF Says Strait of Hormuz Closure Raises Prospect of ‘Major Energy Crisis’ – Video

The IMF warned that a shutdown of the Strait of Hormuz would spark a major energy crisis, pushing oil prices sharply higher. Chief economist Pierre‑Olivier Gourinchas outlined an adverse scenario with rising inflation and tighter financial conditions, and a severe...

By The Guardian – Economics
IMF Warns ‘Unprecedented’ Energy Crisis Could Trigger Global Recession as Australia Prepares for G20 Fuel Talks
NewsApr 14, 2026

IMF Warns ‘Unprecedented’ Energy Crisis Could Trigger Global Recession as Australia Prepares for G20 Fuel Talks

The International Monetary Fund warned that the US‑Israel war on Iran and the ensuing blockade of the Strait of Hormuz could spark an unprecedented energy crisis, threatening to push global growth below 2% in 2026. Its World Economic Outlook outlines...

By The Guardian – Economics
HSBC Says Iran War Is Hitting Confidence as Businesses Warn over Economic Risks
NewsApr 14, 2026

HSBC Says Iran War Is Hitting Confidence as Businesses Warn over Economic Risks

HSBC executives warned that the Iran war is already dampening global business confidence, citing rising oil, fertilizer and metal prices. The conflict has pushed Brent crude just below $100 a barrel despite a new U.S. blockade on Iranian ports. HSBC’s...

By The Guardian – Economics
Holidays Take a Hit as UK Cost of Living Fears and Iran War Bite
NewsApr 14, 2026

Holidays Take a Hit as UK Cost of Living Fears and Iran War Bite

UK consumers reduced travel spending by 3.3% in March, marking the first decline since 2021, as cost‑of‑living worries and the Iran‑related Middle East conflict weigh on confidence. Overall card spending rose modestly 0.9% year‑on‑year, while domestic hotel bookings increased 1.2%...

By The Guardian – Economics
Oil Price Tops $100 a Barrel as US Prepares Strait of Hormuz Blockade; Goldman Sachs Posts Rise in Profits –...
NewsApr 13, 2026

Oil Price Tops $100 a Barrel as US Prepares Strait of Hormuz Blockade; Goldman Sachs Posts Rise in Profits –...

Oil prices surged past $100 a barrel, with Brent trading at $102.31 as the United States prepared a naval blockade in the Gulf of Oman amid the Iran‑Israel conflict. Goldman Sachs reported a 48% jump in investment‑banking fees, posting Q1...

By The Guardian – Economics
Iran War Could Plunge 32 Million Into Poverty, Says United Nations
NewsApr 13, 2026

Iran War Could Plunge 32 Million Into Poverty, Says United Nations

The UN Development Programme warns that the Iran‑Israel war could push more than 32 million people into poverty, primarily in developing nations. The conflict has triggered a "triple shock" of soaring energy prices, strained food supplies, and weaker global growth. UNDP...

By The Guardian – Economics
Trump’s New Budget Ignores Dying Americans and Gives Away Record Sums to the US Military
NewsApr 12, 2026

Trump’s New Budget Ignores Dying Americans and Gives Away Record Sums to the US Military

The White House unveiled a 2027 budget that trims the Department of Health and Human Services by $15 bn (12%) and cuts overall non‑defense spending by 10%, while inflating the Pentagon’s allocation to a record $1.5 tn—about 42% more than the 2026...

By The Guardian – Economics
Task for the Week: Limit the Fallout From Biggest Oil Shock in Decades | Richard Partington
NewsApr 12, 2026

Task for the Week: Limit the Fallout From Biggest Oil Shock in Decades | Richard Partington

The IMF and World Bank convene in Washington as the US‑Israeli war on Iran triggers the biggest oil shock of the modern era. Brent crude, after peaking near $120 a barrel, remains well above the pre‑conflict $72 level, driving inflation...

By The Guardian – Economics
Average UK Petrol Price Hits 150p for First Time Since 2024; Trump’s Latest Iran Extension Fails to Calm Oil Market...
NewsMar 27, 2026

Average UK Petrol Price Hits 150p for First Time Since 2024; Trump’s Latest Iran Extension Fails to Calm Oil Market...

UK average petrol price reached 150.11 pence per litre (≈£1.50/$1.88), with diesel at 177.68 pence (≈£1.78/$2.22), the highest levels since May 2024. The surge, tied to the Iran‑Israel conflict and rising crude, is inflating motorists’ travel costs and feeding broader inflation worries. At...

By The Guardian – Economics
FCA Deal Gives Palantir yet More Access to Inner Workings of Power in Britain
NewsMar 22, 2026

FCA Deal Gives Palantir yet More Access to Inner Workings of Power in Britain

Palantir has landed a high‑profile contract with the UK Financial Conduct Authority, extending its AI‑driven data analytics into the heart of Britain’s financial services sector. The deal gives the Miami‑based firm access to terabytes of FCA data to enhance detection...

By The Guardian – Economics
‘The New Ketchup’? How Hummus Spread Beyond a Niche Into a British Staple
NewsMar 22, 2026

‘The New Ketchup’? How Hummus Spread Beyond a Niche Into a British Staple

Hummus has been added to the UK’s official inflation basket, signalling its transition from niche dip to a staple comparable to ketchup. British consumers now spend roughly £170 million a year on the chickpea spread, with brands like Ramona Hazan’s valued...

By The Guardian – Economics
Lowering Speed Limits Among Contingency Plans to Curb UK Oil Demand
NewsMar 20, 2026

Lowering Speed Limits Among Contingency Plans to Curb UK Oil Demand

The UK government is drafting contingency measures, including a 10 mph reduction on motorways, to curb oil demand as the Middle‑East conflict threatens global fuel supplies. The International Energy Agency has urged member states to adopt Covid‑style emergency actions such as...

By The Guardian – Economics
FTSE 100 Loses All Its 2026 Gains as Middle East Conflict Hits Shares, and UK Borrowing Costs Reach Highest Since...
NewsMar 20, 2026

FTSE 100 Loses All Its 2026 Gains as Middle East Conflict Hits Shares, and UK Borrowing Costs Reach Highest Since...

The FTSE 100 wiped out its 2026 gains as the Iran‑Israel conflict rattled markets and UK borrowing surged to over £14 billion in February. Money markets now price three quarter‑point rate hikes this year, driven by inflation spikes from higher oil...

By The Guardian – Economics
Reeves Plans to Give England’s Regional Leaders a Share of National Tax Revenues
NewsMar 18, 2026

Reeves Plans to Give England’s Regional Leaders a Share of National Tax Revenues

Chancellor Rachel Reeves announced plans to devolve a share of national tax revenues, starting with income tax, to England’s regional mayors. The Treasury will also allocate £2.3 bn in city investment funds and allow future business‑rates revenue to stay with metro...

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Housing Costs Rise 41% over Five Years for Renters and Owners, Study Shows
NewsMar 16, 2026

UK Housing Costs Rise 41% over Five Years for Renters and Owners, Study Shows

UK households spent a record £226 bn on housing in 2025, a 41% increase over the past five years. Mortgage interest payments surged 9% to £53.6 bn, pushing average borrower costs to £13,000 annually. Rental expenses grew more modestly, rising 2.75% to...

By The Guardian – Economics
Gas Prices Are Soaring – but One Los Angeles Gas Station Is Taking It to the Extreme
NewsMar 14, 2026

Gas Prices Are Soaring – but One Los Angeles Gas Station Is Taking It to the Extreme

A Chevron station on Alameda Street in downtown Los Angeles is charging $8.31 per gallon, far above the city’s $5.37 average. The outlet, owned by Joe Bezerra Jr.’s Hawk II Environmental Group, sees minimal traffic despite the high price. Officials say the markup...

By The Guardian – Economics
Can the IEA Put a Lid on the Price per Barrel by Releasing Oil Stockpiles?
NewsMar 11, 2026

Can the IEA Put a Lid on the Price per Barrel by Releasing Oil Stockpiles?

The International Energy Agency announced a historic release of 400 million barrels of emergency crude, the largest drawdown in its history and about one‑third of members’ total reserves. The move aims to temper soaring oil prices triggered by the U.S.–Israel conflict...

By The Guardian – Economics
Iran War Could Knock UK Homebuyer Confidence, Says Builder Persimmon
NewsMar 10, 2026

Iran War Could Knock UK Homebuyer Confidence, Says Builder Persimmon

Persimmon warned that the escalating conflict with Iran could erode UK home‑buyer confidence, adding pressure to an already fragile mortgage market. The builder still expects to complete 12,000‑12,500 homes in 2026, a modest rise on 2025, and reported a 9%...

By The Guardian – Economics
Young Bearing the Brunt of UK Tax and Wage Changes, Says BoE Economist
NewsFeb 24, 2026

Young Bearing the Brunt of UK Tax and Wage Changes, Says BoE Economist

Bank of England chief economist Huw Pill warned that recent hikes in National Insurance contributions and the accelerated rise in the national living wage have hit young workers hardest. Youth unemployment rose to 16.1% in Q4 2025, the highest level...

By The Guardian – Economics
UK Manufacturing Still Beset by Low Orders and Price Pressure, Says CBI
NewsFeb 19, 2026

UK Manufacturing Still Beset by Low Orders and Price Pressure, Says CBI

The CBI’s industrial trends survey shows British manufacturers recorded order books well below their long‑term average in February. Despite the weak order flow, most firms plan to raise prices over the next three months. The survey also indicates that output...

By The Guardian – Economics
Death Tax? Property Tax? Four Ideas that Could Offset Inheritance Inequality in Australia
NewsFeb 18, 2026

Death Tax? Property Tax? Four Ideas that Could Offset Inheritance Inequality in Australia

Australia faces a projected $5.4 trillion intergenerational wealth transfer over the next two decades, prompting concerns about entrenched inequality and reduced productivity. Economists argue that the current progressive income‑tax system is ill‑suited to address wealth that accumulates outside labour markets. Four...

By The Guardian – Economics
Britons Feeling ‘Dismal’ About Finances Amid Mounting Debts, Survey Finds
NewsFeb 16, 2026

Britons Feeling ‘Dismal’ About Finances Amid Mounting Debts, Survey Finds

A new S&P Global survey shows UK consumer confidence slipping to a 44.8 reading in February, the lowest level in two years. Households are adding debt at the fastest pace since July, with the sharpest increase among 18‑ to 24‑year‑olds,...

By The Guardian – Economics
US Fixation on the Hard-Hat Economy and Making Manufacturing Great Again Makes Little Sense
NewsFeb 14, 2026

US Fixation on the Hard-Hat Economy and Making Manufacturing Great Again Makes Little Sense

The article argues that U.S. political focus on reviving the “hard‑hat” economy is misplaced. Manufacturing now comprises under 8% of employment, and recent tariff and subsidy policies have raised input costs without restoring jobs. Federal initiatives like the Inflation Reduction...

By The Guardian – Economics
Reeves Urged to Reassure MPs over Public Finances Amid £6bn-a-Year Send Costs
NewsFeb 13, 2026

Reeves Urged to Reassure MPs over Public Finances Amid £6bn-a-Year Send Costs

Rachel Reeves faces mounting pressure to reassure MPs as the UK’s special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) programme costs rise to about £6 billion a year. The Office for Budget Responsibility warns that an £18 billion backlog could erode the fiscal surplus...

By The Guardian – Economics
Declines in Health and Education in Poor Countries ‘Harming Earning Potential’
NewsFeb 12, 2026

Declines in Health and Education in Poor Countries ‘Harming Earning Potential’

The World Bank reports that human capital—health, education and workplace learning—has declined in 86 of 129 low‑ and middle‑income countries between 2010 and 2025, threatening future earnings. Children born today could earn about 51 percent more over their lifetimes if their...

By The Guardian – Economics
Economics Has Failed on the Climate Crisis. This Complexity Scientist Has a Mind-Blowing Plan to Fix That
NewsFeb 12, 2026

Economics Has Failed on the Climate Crisis. This Complexity Scientist Has a Mind-Blowing Plan to Fix That

Complexity scientist Doyne Farmer proposes a $100 million global economic simulator that models every firm individually, starting with the energy sector’s 30,000 companies and 160,000 assets. By replacing perfect‑rationality and equilibrium assumptions with simple, adaptive agents, the model promises forecasts that...

By The Guardian – Economics