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'Permissionless Assets’: Robinhood’s 3-Phase Tokenization Plan to Disrupt TradFi

Robinhood is executing a three‑phase roadmap to tokenise equities and eventually create a permissionless financial ecosystem. Phase 1 launched a tokenised stock offering in the EU, covering about 800 securities but keeping the tokens locked inside Robinhood’s app. Phase 2 will leverage its $200 million Bitstamp acquisition to enable 24/7 trading of these stock tokens, while Phase 3 aims to make the tokens fully permissionless, allowing users to withdraw them to external wallets and use them as collateral in DeFi protocols via Arbitrum Stylus compatibility. The plan hinges on Offchain Labs’ Arbitrum layer‑2 solution, which lets traditional C++/Rust code run on Ethereum, bridging the gap between legacy brokerage infrastructure and decentralized finance.