Outcomes of Treatment for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
A retrospective study of 125 patients with MRSA‑associated ventilator‑associated pneumonia compared trimethoprim‑sulfamethoxazole (SMX‑TMP) to the standard vancomycin therapy. Mortality was 28% with SMX‑TMP versus 37% with vancomycin, a difference that was not statistically significant. Clinical cure rates at day 5 and lengths of ICU and hospital stay were also comparable between the two groups. The authors conclude SMX‑TMP offers outcomes similar to vancomycin and could be a viable alternative.
Temperature Rise Characteristics of UHV AC Composite Insulators Under Type Fault Conditions
Researchers at the UHVAC Test Laboratory evaluated temperature rise in ultra‑high‑voltage AC composite insulators under several fault scenarios. Tests in a climate chamber showed that grading‑ring misalignment, reduced insertion depth, or complete absence significantly increase temperatures, with the greatest rise...
The Timing of Schedule-Induced Behavior
Researchers investigated schedule‑induced drinking (SID) in rats to see if the timing of excessive licking could be shifted away from the immediate post‑pellet interval. In Experiment 1, lick‑contingent delays failed to move SID, while a signaling cue actually amplified licking through...
Motivational Composition in Digitally Supported and Conventional Prevention Programs: A Three-Wave Study Based on Self-Determination Theory
A three‑wave quasi‑experimental study compared a digitally supported occupational prevention program with a conventional in‑person format among 163 German employees. While the digital cohort logged significantly higher attendance over 12 and 24 weeks, its Relative Autonomy Index—a measure of autonomous...
Frailty-Related and Hepatic Prognostic Markers in Acute Biliary Tract Infections: A Diagnosis-Stratified Retrospective Cohort Study
A retrospective cohort of 94 adults with acute biliary tract infections revealed markedly higher 30‑day mortality in acute cholangitis (30%) versus acute cholecystitis (4.1%). Patients with cholangitis also showed lower prognostic nutritional index, higher FIB‑4 scores, reduced albumin and hemoglobin,...
Peripheral Inflammatory Profiles in Acute Schizophrenia Relapse: Associations with 6- Month Antipsychotic Treatment Coverage
A retrospective analysis of 127 adults hospitalized for acute schizophrenia relapse examined how six‑month antipsychotic coverage—long‑acting injectable (LAI) monotherapy, regular oral monotherapy, or no treatment—relates to peripheral inflammatory markers. The study found that LAI treatment was consistently associated with lower...
Forecast-Driven Dynamic Physician Staffing in a Pediatric Emergency Department: A Prospective Quasi-Experimental Pilot Study
A prospective quasi‑experimental pilot at Hacettepe University Children’s Hospital tested forecast‑driven physician scheduling in its pediatric emergency department. Using the TiDE‑RIN deep‑learning demand model and linear programming, daily evening shift staffing was adjusted between three and six physicians. Compared with...
Correlates of Viral Load Suppression Among People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Treatment in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of Congo: A...
A cross‑sectional study of 561 people living with HIV in Mbujimayi, Democratic Republic of Congo identified key behavioral determinants of viral load suppression. Strict antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence increased suppression odds elevenfold, while having no casual sexual partners doubled the...
Association of Cervical Pessary Use with Preterm Birth in Singleton Pregnancies with a Short Cervix and Threatened Preterm Labor: A...
A retrospective cohort of 180 singleton pregnancies with threatened preterm labor and cervical length ≤25 mm compared cervical pessary use (2021‑2024) to historical controls (2017‑2020). Preterm birth before 37 weeks fell from 51.2 % to 20.9 % with pessary. Adjusted odds ratio 4.65...
Pulsed Intra-Arterial Infusion with Synchronously Controlled Blood Flow: A Novel Strategy for Optimizing Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy
Researchers introduced a pulsed intra‑arterial infusion technique with synchronized blood‑flow control (PBC‑IA) to improve chemotherapy delivery. In rabbit models, the method produced more than 20‑fold higher doxorubicin concentrations in the target gastrocnemius muscle compared with standard intravenous injection, while heart...
Gastropods (Mollusca) of the Priority Marine Region to Conserve Biodiversity No. 31 &Ldquo;Tlacoyunque”, Mexico, Associated with the Rocky Intertidal
Researchers surveyed the rocky intertidal of Mexico’s Marine Region 31, sampling nine 10 m² sites in 2015, 2016 and 2018. They identified 103 gastropod species, raising the regional total from 216 to 236, with inventory completeness between 78% and 89%. Five families...
A Comprehensive Method to Integrate Unbiased Fisheries Data in Spatially-Explicit Population Dynamics Models
The authors introduce a systematic method for preparing unbiased fisheries data for spatially‑explicit population dynamics models such as SEAPODYM. By grouping fishing operations into distinct fisheries with uniform catchability and selectivity, and preserving linear catch‑to‑biomass relationships at high‑resolution grid cells,...
Spring Greening Reduces Autumnal Runoff Across High Northern Latitudes
Spring greening across the high northern latitudes has increased leaf area and transpiration, leading to notable soil moisture depletion in summer. By combining satellite vegetation indices, runoff data from 297 watersheds, and LPJ‑GUESS model simulations, researchers found that this greening...
The Clinical Value of Genetic Testing in Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Researchers evaluated 1,515 lung squamous cell carcinoma patients, of whom 292 underwent genetic testing, uncovering a 19.2% driver mutation detection rate dominated by EGFR and MET alterations. Non‑smokers, females, and patients ≤65 years showed the highest mutation frequencies, especially EGFR...
Effect of a Multimodal Integrative Intervention on Quality of Recovery After Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Single-Center, Single-Blind, Pragmatic Randomized...
A single‑center, single‑blind randomized trial of 105 patients compared a multimodal integrative protocol—electroacupuncture, abdominal massage, breathing training and early ambulation—to standard postoperative care after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. The primary Quality of Recovery‑15 (QoR‑15) scores showed no difference on days...
Gouty Tophi Within the Carpal Tunnel Leading to Severe Finger Flexion Contracture A Case Report and Short-Term Follow-Up
A 47‑year‑old man presented with a palmar wrist mass and severe ring‑finger flexion contracture caused by gouty tophi infiltrating the carpal tunnel. Imaging and intra‑operative findings confirmed extensive tophaceous involvement of the flexor tendons, leading to adhesion and nerve compression....
Integrated Analysis Identifies Disulfidptosis Related Tumor Antigens and Molecular Subtypes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma for mRNA Vaccine Development
Researchers developed a disulfidptosis‑based framework for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that combines molecular subtyping, mRNA vaccine design, and prognostic modeling. Analysis of TCGA‑LIHC and GEO data identified 32 disulfidptosis‑related genes that separate HCC into two subtypes with distinct survival, immune infiltration,...
Overcoming the Semantic Bottleneck for Deterministic Structural Control in Text-to-Image Synthesis
The paper introduces Procedural Latent Prompt Injection (PLPI), a zero‑shot framework that embeds geometric priors directly into latent diffusion models, bypassing the need for extra training or language‑based conditioning. By modeling diffusion as a steerable stochastic differential equation, PLPI identifies...
Impact of Non-Intubated Spontaneous Breathing Versus Intubated General Anesthesia in Thoracoscopic Surgery on Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism
A retrospective study at Jinhua Central Hospital compared non‑intubated anesthesia with conventional endotracheal intubation in 55 lung‑cancer patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery. The non‑intubated group showed earlier ambulation, more stable postoperative coagulation, and a reduced incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE). No...
Persistent and Semivolatile Contaminants in Sediments of Nutrias Lagoon (Uruguay): Historical Trends and Potential Ecological Implications
Researchers examined a dated sediment core from Uruguay’s Nutrias Lagoon to trace historical levels of PCBs, PBDEs, mercury and PAHs. PCB‑52 was intermittently detected in late‑20th‑century layers, while PBDEs were absent and mercury remained stable at 65‑85 µg kg⁻¹, below international guidelines....
Statistical Investigation on the Failure of Misaligned Contaminated EHL Rolling Contacts Using Response Surface Methodology
Researchers used a Box‑Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology to model wear and surface roughness in misaligned, contaminated elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) rolling contacts. Tests on steel disks varied misalignment angle, rotational velocity, load and contaminant concentration, revealing that rotational...
Projecting Environmental Improvements in Mineral Processing Pathways: The Case of Cathode Active Material Production
A new methodological framework evaluates future technological switches in mineral processing, focusing on cathode active material (CAM) production. By modeling seven switch categories, the study projects substantial environmental gains—up to 86% lower greenhouse‑gas impact, 99.8% reduction in human carcinogenic toxicity,...
Complementary Value of CEUS-Guided Hookwire Localization Combined with Methylene Blue Staining for Sentinel Lymph Node Detection, and the Predictive Role...
A single‑arm study of 76 patients evaluated contrast‑enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)‑guided hookwire localization combined with intra‑operative methylene blue staining for sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection. The dual‑modality approach identified SLNs in 73 patients, achieving a 96.05% overall detection rate, with each...
Reconstruction of Dialysis Access in an End-Stage Renal Disease Patient with Severe Peritonitis and Thoracic Deformity: A Case Report
A 39‑year‑old man with end‑stage renal disease, severe peritonitis, thoracic deformity, and extensive vascular calcification faced repeated dialysis access failures. After conventional fistula and graft attempts failed, clinicians placed a cuffed dialysis catheter via the left innominate vein using digital...
Exclosure Area Decreases the Spread of the Invasive Plant Senna Obtusifolia (L.) And Enhances Forage Value of Sahelian Rangelands
A four‑year grazing exclosure in Sahelian rangelands dramatically reduced the invasive Senna obtusifolia while boosting the abundance and diversity of native, high‑value forage species. Biomass, height and density of Senna fell sharply inside fenced plots, whereas companion species saw an...
Endothelial Erg Regulates Expression of Pulmonary Lymphatic Junctional and Inflammation Genes in Mouse Lungs Impacting Lymphatic Transport
Researchers created inducible, lymphatic‑endothelial‑specific Erg knockout mice to probe the transcription factor’s role in lung vasculature. Loss of ERG triggered an inflammatory gene signature and reduced expression of junctional proteins, compromising lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) barrier integrity. Functional assays revealed...
Vitamin B12 and D Deficiency as Cofactors of COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Chronic Neurological Adverse Reactions: Two Cases and a Hypothesis
Researchers reported two severe, chronic neurological reactions following COVID‑19 vaccination that were linked to underlying vitamin deficiencies. A 43‑year‑old man receiving the Pfizer shot recovered completely after vitamin B12 replacement, even when symptoms recurred after a booster. A 30‑year‑old woman...
Development of a Culturally Sensitive Breast Cancer Patient Education Toolkit in Rwanda: A Methodological Approach
Breast cancer cases in Rwanda are expected to rise from 1,131 in 2018 to roughly 2,420 by 2040, creating a critical need for patient education. OAZIS Health responded with the ICYIZERE Initiative, developing a culturally sensitive education toolkit through four...
Multi-Target Gene Therapy for Osteoarthritis: Dual-Axis Modeling and In Silico Validation
A computational study proposes a multi‑target gene therapy for osteoarthritis that combines anti‑inflammatory, anabolic, and catabolic‑blocking transgenes delivered via a dual‑vector AAV system. Network perturbation modeling shows the multi‑axis approach achieves an ECM Recovery Score of 76.2, markedly higher than...
A Dimension-Stone-Specific GIS-AHP Framework for Regional Quarry Suitability Screening in Under-Mapped Precambrian Basement: Application to Cameroon’s West Region, Central African...
Researchers introduced a GIS‑AHP framework tailored to dimension‑stone quarry screening in Cameroon’s West Region, a Precambrian basement area largely unmapped for mining potential. The model integrates nine geological, environmental, topographic and infrastructural criteria, producing a weighted‑overlay suitability map that classifies...
Tailoring Water-Resistant Hybrid Geopolymers with Triethoxyvinylsilane and Hexadecyl-Trimethoxy-Silane: A Comparative Study
Researchers enhanced metakaolin‑based geopolymers with two silane agents—triethoxyvinylsilane (TEVS) and hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HTS)—to create water‑resistant composites. The untreated geopolymer showed a hydrophilic contact angle of 30°, while TEVS and HTS raised angles to 135° and 128°, respectively, confirming strong hydrophobic surfaces....
Gallbladder Volvulus and the Use of Indocyanine Green
A 65‑year‑old woman with a necrotic gallbladder volvulus underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy aided by pre‑operative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging. ICG enabled real‑time visualization of the common bile duct, necrotic cystic duct, and thrombosed cystic artery, facilitating safe detorsion and confirmation...
Image-Based Honeybee Colony Conditions Detection Using a Hybrid CNN–ANN Framework
A new hybrid deep‑learning system combines a dual‑branch CNN with a Multi‑Layer Feedback ANN to classify six honeybee health conditions from images. The model achieved 97.61% overall accuracy and a macro‑F1 score of 0.96, surpassing a traditional CNN‑Softmax baseline that...
Assessing Digital and AI-Readiness in Medical Education: A Delphi-Based Development of a Digital Health Competency Questionnaire
A Delphi-driven study created a 25‑item questionnaire to gauge medical students' digital health and AI competencies. Twelve experts, including ten educators and two senior students, refined an initial 26‑item draft over two consensus rounds, achieving a 96% agreement rate. The...
Association Between Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life of Corporate Bank Workers in Resource-Limited City
A cross‑sectional survey of 178 corporate bank workers in Ghana examined leisure‑time physical activity (LTPA) and health‑related quality of life (HRQoL). Most participants reported low to moderate LTPA levels while rating their HRQoL as generally high. Regression analysis revealed that...
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Around Alkumru Dam (Siirt, Türkiye) Using Machine Learning and Ensemble Models
Researchers applied six machine‑learning algorithms and an ensemble model to map landslide susceptibility around Turkey’s Alkumru Dam reservoir. All models delivered strong predictive power, with AUC scores ranging from 0.877 to 0.959, and the Naive Bayes classifier achieved the highest...
A Double-Edged Sword: Digitalization of Listed Companies and Employee Overtime
A new preprint examines how digitalization of listed firms influences employee overtime, using nighttime satellite light data as a proxy for digital activity. The authors find that digital transformation raises overtime hours through market‑expansion and technological‑innovation channels, yet also boosts...
Navigating the Quantum Resource Landscape of Entropy Vector Space Using Machine Learning and Optimization
A new preprint introduces a machine‑learning framework that maps entropy‑vector dynamics to identify quantum states violating Ingleton’s inequality, a boundary respected by stabilizer and holographic states. The authors prove pure‑state violations are impossible for five qubits or fewer, establishing six...
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 Bioactivity: Integrating IC50 Regression and Activity Classification Using Multi-Task Neural Networks
Researchers introduced an integrated machine‑learning framework to predict SARS‑CoV‑2 compound potency. The system combines an IC50 regression model, a binary activity classifier, and a multi‑task neural network that performs both tasks simultaneously. Incorporating ligand efficiency as a classification criterion, the...
Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among Healthcare Workers: A European Multicentre Cohort Study, May 2021–April 2024
A European multicentre cohort of 18 hospitals tracked 4,705 healthcare workers from May 2021 to April 2024, dividing the data into pre‑Omicron, Omicron, and post‑Omicron periods. The analysis revealed that ancillary personnel faced the highest infection risk before Omicron (aHR 3.86) and that...
Effect of Zero-Valent Iron Activated Sodium Hypochlorite on Sludge Dewatering Performance
Researchers evaluated zero‑valent iron (ZVI) activated sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) as a sludge conditioning agent. Under optimal acidic conditions (pH 3, 75 mg Fe per g dry solids, 100 mg NaClO per g dry solids) the capillary suction time fell from 192.7 s to 51.3 s...
City Birds Are Smaller but Noisier: Morphology, Body Condition, and Song Variation Between Rufous-Collared Sparrows (Zonotrichia Capensis) From Urban and...
A recent study of Rufous‑collared Sparrows (Zonotrichia capensis) in central Chile compared individuals from urban and wild habitats. Researchers measured 34 urban and 64 wild birds, documenting morphology and song during the breeding season. Urban birds were significantly smaller, lighter,...
Development And Validation Of Prognostic Scale In Respiratory Condition for Physiotherapist in ICU
Researchers have designed and validated a prognostic scale tailored for physiotherapists treating respiratory conditions in intensive care units. The scale achieved a content validity ratio of 0.846, indicating strong reliability, while Cohen’s kappa testing demonstrated perfect inter‑rater agreement (p < 0.05). Validation...
Phenotypic Behaviour and Association Analysis of Agronomic Traits, Proximate, Nutrients and Quality Attributes of West Africa
A study of 21 West African okra accessions revealed extensive genetic variability in yield, protein, fiber, zinc, ash and viscosity. Genotypes OK18, OK14 and OK17 delivered the highest fruit yields, while OK3, OK5 and OK6 excelled in protein, ash and...
Impact of Subsidy Modes on Herders’ Grassland Carbon Sink Investment Strategies: Resource Allocation Theory
The paper applies resource‑allocation theory to evaluate how different subsidy policies affect herders’ decisions between grazing and grassland carbon‑sink investment. Three optimisation models—no‑subsidy, carbon‑sink revenue subsidy, and grazing‑product subsidy—are compared across constraint scenarios. Results show that carbon‑sink revenue subsidies encourage...
Autonomous Atomic-Scale Self-Healing in Two-Dimensional MXenes via Diffusion-Driven Lattice Reconstruction
Researchers used in‑situ scanning transmission electron microscopy to capture the first intrinsic self‑healing events in two‑dimensional MXenes, occurring without external stimuli. Nanopores created in titanium‑carbide (Ti‑C) and medium‑entropy MXenes closed spontaneously at room temperature, and heating to 250 °C and 500 °C...
Endogenous Glandular Chemistry and Methyl Eugenol–Derived Metabolites in the Pheromone Communication of Bactrocera Umbrosa
Researchers decoded the pheromone system of the fruit fly Bactrocera umbrosa, identifying four endogenous volatiles in immature males and six additional compounds in mature males, including two previously unknown diols. After feeding on methyl eugenol, males accumulated six specific metabolites....
Design of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Bacterial Cellulose/Sodium Alginate/MXene@Polydopamine Hydrogel Evaporator for Fresh Water Acquisition
Researchers have engineered a physically cross‑linked multi‑network hydrogel combining polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and bacterial cellulose, reinforced with MXene@Polydopamine photothermal particles. The resulting evaporator delivers a high solar‑driven evaporation rate while maintaining cyclic stability and salt tolerance. Laboratory tests show...
A Longitudinal Multi‑proxy Geospatial Classification of Peri‑urban Transitions Across Community Health Units in Coastal Kenya
The study applied five publicly available geospatial proxies to classify settlement dynamics across ten Community Health Units in coastal Kenya from 2017 to 2024. Median cumulative changes were 62% for nighttime lights, 111% for Sentinel‑2 built‑up, 34% for WorldPop built‑up,...
Adaptive Mesh Refinement (H-Adaptive FEM) for High-Fidelity Thermal Simulation of Microchip Cooling Systems
The paper introduces an h‑adaptive finite element method for solving the two‑dimensional Poisson equation in microchip thermal analysis. By employing a nodal‑based a‑posteriori error estimator, the mesh automatically refines around high‑power components, capturing steep temperature gradients with linear triangular (P1)...