Hydrochemical Characterization and Water Quality Assessment of Pre-Monsoon Samples Using EWQI, Ionic Facies Analysis, and Correlation Statistics
The study applied the Entropy‑Weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) to pre‑monsoon water samples, finding 15% extremely poor and only 2.5% excellent quality. Geochemical plots (Gibbs, Piper, Durov) revealed that rock‑water interaction chiefly governs the alkaline, moderately to highly mineralized chemistry. Pearson correlation showed electrical conductivity tightly linked to major ions, while trace arsenic displayed weaker, localized relationships. Overall, most samples fell into the average EWQI category, underscoring the need for early water‑quality interventions before monsoon recharge.
Well-Logging Identification of Shale Lithology via FAtt-CNN: A Case Study From the Lianggaoshan Formation, Sichuan Basin
Researchers introduced a Feature‑Attention Convolutional Neural Network (FAtt‑CNN) to improve lithology identification in continental shale reservoirs. Using neutron‑acoustic (ND) and photoelectric‑resistivity (PR) envelope values, the model was tested on the Lianggaoshan Formation in the Sichuan Basin. It achieved a 91.95%...
Effect of Peening Treatment on Grain Refinement and Fatigue Strength Improvement of Aged Steel
The research evaluated peening treatment on roughly 60‑ and 100‑year‑old bridge steel, revealing that grain refinement extends to the depth where compressive residual stress is induced. Vickers hardness tests showed surface hardening, while three‑point bending fatigue tests demonstrated fatigue strength...
Utilization of Modern Family Planning Methods and Associated Factors Among Men Aged 15- 54 Years in Pakwach District Uganda: A...
A cross‑sectional survey of 302 men aged 15‑54 in Pakwach District, Uganda, found that only 45.4% reported using condoms and none had undergone vasectomy, indicating very low modern family‑planning (FP) uptake. Logistic regression identified three significant predictors: comfort discussing FP...
Integrating Bioeconomic and System Dynamics Modeling to Evaluate Sustainability Trade-Offs in Indonesian Lobster Aquaculture
A new study builds a field‑parameterised bio‑economic system dynamics model to assess Indonesian lobster aquaculture. Using 2022‑2025 data from Java, Lombok and Sulawesi, the model simulates a baseline high‑profit, low‑sustainability path and a sustainability‑oriented strategy. The sustainable scenario moderates stocking,...
EMD-Rec: Sequential Recommendation via EM-Based Diffusion Augmentation and Weighted Contrastive Learning
EMD‑Rec introduces a diffusion‑based augmentation framework for sequential recommendation that tackles data sparsity through an Expectation‑Maximization loop. The model injects intent‑aware noise via an uncertainty matrix, producing semantically consistent augmented views. A weighted contrastive loss further sharpens the distinction between...
Early Warning of Meteorological Drought in Morocco's Atlas Mountains: A Satellite- Augmented Spatiotemporal Deep Learning Approach
The paper presents a convolutional Gated Recurrent Unit (ConvGRU) framework that forecasts the 6‑month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI‑6) for Morocco’s High Atlas and Anti‑Atlas Mountains. Leveraging 18 satellite, reanalysis, NDVI and terrain inputs at 5.5 km resolution, the model achieves an...
Delayed hCG Trigger Does Not Improve Oocyte Maturation Rate: Evidence From 9,319 IVF/ICSI Cycles Using Three Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation Protocols
A retrospective cohort of 9,319 first‑time IVF/ICSI cycles in China examined whether the proportion of dominant follicles at hCG trigger influences oocyte maturation. Across depot GnRHa, long GnRHa, and antagonist protocols, overall DFP showed no significant impact on maturation rates,...
Functional Village Types Shape Divergent Rural Ecological Resilience Trajectories in the Yangtze River Delta
A new study of 5,372 rural‑revitalization demonstration villages in the Yangtze River Delta (2003‑2023) builds a three‑dimensional ecological resilience index and tracks its evolution. Results show persistent divergence: ecologically livable and rural‑civilization villages consistently rank highest, while wealthy‑life villages begin...
Ambient PM2.5, Residential Greenspace, and Household Healthcare Expenditure in Shandong, China
A cross‑sectional study of 27,603 residents in Shandong Province linked household healthcare spending to environmental factors. Higher residential greenness (NDVI) consistently reduced medical expenditures, while elevated ambient PM2.5 increased costs across exposure quartiles. Age, underweight status, and incomes above 60 %...
Assessing the Usefulness, Availability and Maintenance of Automated External Defibrillators in Emergency Care in Greater Accra
A recent cross‑sectional study of Ghana's National Ambulance Service in Greater Accra found that, while staff widely recognize the life‑saving value of automated external defibrillators (AEDs), only about two‑thirds of ambulance stations had a functional unit. Common problems included expired...
Development Analysis and Strategic Insights From a 505(b)(2) Reformulation Product: Enzalutamide
Astellas used the 505(b)(2) pathway to reformulate enzalutamide (XTANDI®) from a 40 mg lipid‑filled soft capsule into 40 mg and 80 mg film‑coated tablets, aiming to cut pill burden. Five biopharmaceutic studies demonstrated comparable AUC between the two dosage forms, while the tablet...
Identification of Wheat AP2 Gene Family, Cloning of TaAP2-34, and Patterns Analysis by Overexpression in Arabidopsis
Researchers identified 46 wheat AP2 genes, mapped them across all 21 chromosomes, and found most proteins to be weakly acidic, hydrophilic, and highly conserved. The gene TaAP2-34 showed distinct expression peaks under drought (6 h in leaves, 12 h in tiller nodes)...
The Collisional Origin of Umm Chaimin Depression in Western Iraq: A Synthesis of Geological and Geomorphological Evidence
The study of the Umm Chaimin depression in western Iraq confirms it as a recent meteorite impact crater, about 30 m deep and semi‑circular, formed within Eocene‑Quaternary sediments. Microscopic analysis shows quartz‑prehnite assemblages indicating low‑grade shock metamorphism. Geomorphological mapping reveals radial drainage...
APT and GluCEST Imaging at 5.0 T in Patients with Brain Tumors: A Phantom Reproducibility Validation and Clinical Study
Researchers evaluated the reproducibility of amide proton transfer (APT) and glutamate chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) MRI at 5 Tesla using phantom experiments and a cohort of 96 brain‑tumor patients. Phantom tests showed intraclass correlation coefficients above 0.96 and coefficients of...
Effect of Virtual Reality on Acute Stress Response and Discomfort During Vacuum-Assisted Closure (VAC) Dressing Changes: A Protocol for Randomized...
A randomized controlled trial will evaluate immersive virtual reality (VR) as a non‑pharmacologic method to lessen acute stress during vacuum‑assisted closure (VAC) dressing changes. Participants are split 1:1 between VR and standard care, with primary endpoints including heart rate, blood...
Lumping Vs. Splitting Nutrients, Foods and Diet Patterns in Nutrition Research: Science Dialogue Mapping of Origins, Uses and Knowledge Gaps
A December 2024 colloquium examined how nutrition researchers decide to lump or split foods, nutrients, and dietary patterns. Using real‑time dialogue mapping, early‑career scientists identified six thematic areas—definitions, population heterogeneity, consumer behavior, policy messaging, frameworks, and measurement methods. The discussion...
Assessment of Thermal, Mechanical, and Viscoelastic Responses of Carbon Nanomaterials Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
A new molecular dynamics study quantifies the thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic performance of graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The simulations report graphene thermal conductivity near 200 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ and CNT conductivity around 50 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, both rising with larger dimensions but falling at higher...
Leishmanicidal Efficacy of Cold Atmospheric Multiple Plasma Jet Against Leishmania Major in a Murine Model: Effects on Parasite Burden, Cytokine...
The study evaluated a cold atmospheric multiple plasma jet (CAMPJ) as a novel therapy for cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. Topical applications of 5, 10 and 15 minutes, administered twice weekly for three weeks, markedly reduced lesion size and splenic...
Vignette-Based Triage Decisions in Musculoskeletal Care Among Physiotherapists, Physiotherapists Licensed for Direct Access, and Physicians in Germany: An Online Cross-...
A cross‑sectional online survey of 110 German clinicians—including physiotherapists, Heilpraktiker‑licensed physiotherapists, and physicians—used 12 clinical vignettes to assess triage accuracy for musculoskeletal complaints. Overall accuracy was low, ranging from 35.6 % to 43.2 %, with no statistically significant differences between professional groups....
Development of a Universal Healthcare Professionals’ Implementation- Needs Questionnaire and Its Validation Among Ukrainian Family Doctors
Researchers created the Healthcare Professionals’ Implementation‑needs Questionnaire (HPIQ) to capture individual implementation needs of clinicians. Drawing items from the Determinants of Implementation Behavior Questionnaire, they generated 31 questions and refined them through two expert rounds and feedback from 25 Ukrainian...
End-to-End Reliability of Automated Systems for Diagnostic Evidence Extraction: A Prospective Benchmark Study
The study benchmarked four large‑language‑model systems on extracting 2 × 2 diagnostic tables from 16 datasets covering Uromonitor and urine cytology. MedNuggetizer and Claude Opus 4.5 achieved 97.5% and 97.8% correct extraction, surpassing the 95% reliability threshold, while ChatGPT‑5.2 and Gemini 3 Pro fell short....
Professional Misconduct in Malawi’s Nursing and Midwifery Professions: A Descriptive Study of Trends, Causes and Implications
A descriptive analysis of 102 professional misconduct cases recorded by Malawi’s Nurses and Midwives Council between 2014 and 2024 reveals that negligence dominates, representing 82% of confirmed violations. The infractions are concentrated among nurses and midwives aged 20‑39 with less...
Explainable Ensemble Machine Learning Framework for Multi-Class Ecotoxicity and Drinkability Prediction of Groundwater Using Hydro-Chemical Indicators
Groundwater contamination threatens public health, especially in fast‑growing urban regions. Researchers introduced HydroNet‑X, an explainable ensemble deep‑learning framework that predicts ecotoxicity and drinkability using 13 hydro‑chemical parameters from 1,345 samples in Madhya Pradesh, India. The system combines XGBoost, AdaBoost, and...
Register-Augmented Attention and Self-Calibrated Fusion for Robust Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Researchers introduced RegCal‑Net, a register‑augmented and self‑calibrated framework targeting bimodal sentiment analysis. The model tackles inter‑modal inconsistency and intra‑modal ambiguity by adding learnable register tokens and a prototype‑guided gating fusion. Experiments on CMU‑MOSI and CMU‑MOSEI show competitive gains, especially in...
AI Awareness as a Workplace Stressor Examining Emotional Exhaustion Through Job Insecurity and Work Family Interference
As AI becomes embedded in modern workplaces, employees’ awareness that their roles could be automated—termed AI awareness—has emerged as a significant stressor. A study of 303 workers found a direct positive link between AI awareness and emotional exhaustion, with job...
Geochemical Implications of Biotite and Amphibole in the Thermo- Barometric Conditions and the Petrogenic Relationships of Plutonic Rocks in the...
A new study of plutonic rocks in Mali’s Bougouni area provides detailed petrographic and geochemical data on mafic minerals. Geothermobarometric calculations indicate crystallization at 1.7–7 kbar and 780–977 °C under high oxygen fugacity and water‑rich conditions. The rocks are subalkaline, ranging from...
Evaluating the Application of Biochar on Sweet Corn Production, Soil Health, and Its Role in Regenerative Agriculture
A field trial in Hawaii applied biochar at 12.3 t ha⁻¹ to two soil types—Oxisol and Mollisol—and measured its effect on sweet corn. On the Oxisol, vegetative growth rose 18.8% and yield climbed 19.1%, while sugar content increased 1.7%. The Mollisol showed...
Efficacy of Magnesium Sulfate as an Adjuvant to Local Anesthetic in Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Analgesia After Modified...
Adding 200 mg magnesium sulfate to levobupivacaine in an erector spinae plane block significantly improved postoperative pain control for women undergoing modified radical mastectomy. In a randomized trial of 60 patients, morphine consumption fell by 33% and the interval to the...
Robotic-Assisted Pedicle Screw Placement Achieves High Accuracy and Narrows the Experience Gap: A Preclinical Evaluation
A preclinical study evaluated the Mako Spine robotic system against conventional open fluoroscopy for thoracolumbar pedicle screw placement in synthetic torsos. Across 255 screws, the robotic approach achieved a 97.6% clinically acceptable rate and a 74% optimal placement rate, outperforming...
Leveraging Sociodemographic, Digital Exposure, and Knowledge-Based Empowerment Factors to Improve Maternal Health Behaviour Among Married Women in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional...
A new analysis of Nigeria’s 2018 Demographic and Health Survey examined how sociodemographic factors, digital exposure, and knowledge‑based empowerment affect maternal health behaviours among 28,888 married women. The study found that mobile phone ownership, internet use, and receipt of health...
Design Considerations for Vacuum Insulating Glass Under Thermal Actions
Vacuum insulating glass (VIG) offers high‑performance façades but lacks standardized design methods for thermal actions. Laboratory tests on 350 mm square annealed float‑glass specimens showed that temperature differentials alone can trigger edge fractures once a critical ΔT is exceeded. The authors...
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Add-On at Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Initiation and Fewer Wasting-Related Diagnoses and Acute-Care Episodes in People with Cancer...
A target‑trial emulation of US TriNetX data examined cancer patients with obesity who started immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and received a GLP‑1 receptor agonist (GLP‑1 RA) at initiation. After 1:1 propensity matching, 988 patients per arm were followed for up to...
Reproductive Health Service Utilization and Associated Factors Among Womens With Disabilities in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study
A cross‑sectional study of 605 women with disabilities in Ethiopia’s Gedeo Zone found that only 15.7% accessed sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in the past year. The majority were single, rural, and physically impaired, with 94.5% not using family‑planning...
Insecticidal Metabolites From Serratia Marcescens Associated with the Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda): Metabolomic Profiling and Molecular Docking Insights
Researchers isolated Serratia marcescens strain INS420 from fall armyworm and identified a range of secondary metabolites using LC‑MS and GC‑MS. Laboratory and field tests showed these compounds have strong insecticidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda. Molecular docking indicated that squalene and...
Ontogenetic Shifts and Trophic Differentiation Shape Dietary Diversity in Oxyrhopus False Coral Snakes
Researchers examined the diet of Neotropical Oxyrhopus snakes in Bahia, Brazil, using stomach‑content analysis and the Index of Relative Importance. They found pronounced ontogenetic shifts: juveniles feed mainly on reptiles, while adults incorporate larger mammals, a pattern linked to head‑width...
Analysis of Auditory Attention Based on Different Semantic Levels Using a Multi-Objective Coati Optimization Algorithm
The study applies a Multi‑objective Coati Optimization Algorithm (MOCOA) to select EEG channels for classifying auditory attention in the PhyAAt dataset, which includes 25 volunteers performing resting, writing, and listening tasks under varied noise conditions. Researchers examined semantic‑level distinctions, such...
Climate Change Reshapes Potential Distributions and Seasonal Mismatch in a Host–Parasitoid System: Cotesia Ruficrus and Fall Armyworm
Researchers used thermal development experiments and the CLIMEX platform to forecast how the parasitoid Cotesia ruficrus will track the invasive fall armyworm under current climate and future A1B scenarios for 2050 and 2090. The parasitoid tolerates a broader temperature range...
Diffusion MRI as A Biomarker for Monitoring Recovery After Surgical Repair of Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Longitudinal Case Series
A longitudinal case series evaluated diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as a biomarker for monitoring recovery after surgical repair of severe ulnar and median nerve transections. Researchers tracked fractional anisotropy (FA) values alongside Medical Research Council sensory and motor grades for...
Modelling of Surface Roughness Effects on Cyclone Wind Fields and Associated Storm Surge Along the East Coast
Researchers integrated a directional surface‑roughness parametrization into the ADCIRC‑SWAN coupled model, modifying wind speed and Manning’s n based on land‑use and land‑cover data. The enhanced system was applied to cyclones Amphan (2020) and Yaas (2021) using Holland‑derived wind forcing. Results...
DGAT1-Mediated Lipid Droplet Accumulation Promotes M. Bovis BCG Persistence on Dendritic Cells by Acting as an Immunoinflammatory Platform Through PGE₂...
Researchers discovered that the enzyme DGAT1 drives triacylglycerol‑rich lipid droplet formation in dendritic cells infected with Mycobacterium bovis BCG, creating a niche that supports bacterial persistence. Pharmacological blockade of DGAT1 with A922500 markedly reduced lipid droplet accumulation, lowered pro‑inflammatory cytokine...
Surface Phonons and Electron-Phonon Coupling on InBi(001): An Ultrasoft Topological Semimetal Surface.
Researchers combined helium atom scattering, helium spin‑echo, and finite‑displacement calculations to map the surface structure and lattice dynamics of the topological semimetal InBi(001). They measured an electron‑phonon coupling constant λ ≈ 0.20 and discovered an ultralow Rayleigh surface phonon reaching only ~2 meV...
Multiaxial Finite Strain Behavior of Polydomain Liquid Crystal Elastomers
The study introduces an analytical framework that models polydomain liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) as isotropic hyperelastic materials, enabling accurate prediction of multiaxial loading scenarios such as extension‑torsion, inflation, and combined actions. Validation against finite‑element simulations shows excellent agreement, especially when...
Transformative Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Rehabilitation Engineering; A Systematic Review
A systematic review of 110 papers from 2011‑2021 examined how artificial intelligence and machine learning are being integrated into rehabilitation engineering. The majority of research (63%) targets upper‑limb or hand therapy, with stroke patients comprising 58% of the clinical focus....
Imaging Correlated Nuclear Motion Mediated by Passage Through a Conical Intersection
A team of chemists used time‑resolved Coulomb explosion imaging together with ab initio quantum wavepacket simulations to watch UV‑excited nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) navigate a conical intersection. The 400 nm pump pulse, just below the dissociation threshold, initiates large‑amplitude vibrational motion that explores...
Secretome-Mediated Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activity of Lactobacillus Johnsonii Against Multidrug-Resistant Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli
Researchers evaluated Lactobacillus johnsonii as a probiotic against a multidrug‑resistant enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) strain. The bacterium showed strong gastrointestinal tolerance, high auto‑aggregation (80 % at 4 h), and secretome‑driven inhibition of EAEC growth and biofilm formation, surpassing gentamicin. It also reduced...
L-System Genetic Encoding for Scalable Neural Network Evolution: A Comparison with Direct Matrix Encoding
Researchers introduced Lsys, an L‑System‑based genetic alphabet for evolving Hebbian neural networks, and compared it with traditional matrix encoding across 24 runs. Lsys achieved a mean peak food count of 3,802 ± 197 at generation 1,000, a 2.74‑fold improvement over matrix encoding’s...
Evaluation of Miscible CO₂ Injection and Water-Alternating-CO₂ Injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery in an Algerian Triassic Reservoir
A recent study evaluated continuous miscible CO₂ injection and water‑alternating‑CO₂ (WA‑CO₂) injection in Algeria’s Triassic TAGI reservoir. Continuous miscible flooding achieved the highest oil recovery factor at 8.1%, while WA‑CO₂ delivered a slightly lower 7.9% recovery but improved sweep efficiency...
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intrauterine Fetal Death Among Pregnant Women at Banaadir Hospital Mogadishu, Somalia
A case‑control study at Benadir Hospital in Mogadishu examined 143 intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) cases and 143 matched controls to determine prevalence and risk factors. The analysis identified maternal age over 35, multigravidity, a history of prior IUFD, and lack...
A School-Based Vaccination Campaign with Trivalent Live Attenuated Intranasal Vaccine (tLAIV) During the 2024–2025 Influenza Season in Two Schools of...
A school‑based campaign offered the trivalent live attenuated intranasal influenza vaccine (tLAIV) to children aged 3‑11 in two Palermo schools during the 2024‑25 season. Of the 2,140 eligible students, 415 were vaccinated, yielding a 19.4 % adherence rate that varied by...