The Functional Variance Hypothesis: A Mathematical Framework for Stochastic Buffering, Optimal Helper Ratios, and a Proposed Epigenetic Calibration Mechanism in...
The new Functional Variance Hypothesis (FVH) argues that non‑reproductive helpers act primarily as stochastic buffers against rare, high‑lethality environmental crises rather than as growth enhancers. Using a nonlinear persistence model, the authors derive a unique stable optimal helper ratio that rises with environmental variance and falls with baseline mortality. Empirical support from a 25‑year Kalahari meerkat dataset shows helpers boost pup body mass during droughts—a 19‑fold stronger effect—and that groups smaller than nine individuals face dramatically higher extinction rates under stress. The hypothesis reconciles conflicting cooperative‑breeding literature by linking helper value to crisis type and frequency.
Differentially Private Lasso: An ISTA Framework with Finite-Iteration Guarantees
The paper introduces an Iterative Shrinkage‑Thresholding Algorithm (ISTA) framework for differentially private (DP) Lasso regression in high‑dimensional sparse settings. It delivers finite‑iteration, high‑probability ℓ₂ error bounds that separate a non‑private baseline, a privacy‑induced noise term, and a vanishing optimization residual....
From Workplace Violence-Related Trauma to Quiet Quitting: Occupational Stress and Burnout as Serial Mediators Among Prehospital Emergency Healthcare Workers
A recent Turkish study surveyed 305 prehospital emergency professionals who experienced workplace violence, examining how post‑traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) relates to "quiet quitting." The analysis revealed that PTSD does not directly drive withdrawal; instead, it operates through a cascade of...
Privacy-PreservingLLM Middleware in LIS: Edge-Computing for Coagulation InterpretationUnder High-Dimensional Noise
A privacy‑preserving, edge‑deployed Large Language Model (LLM) middleware was built to interpret coagulation tests within Laboratory Information Systems (LIS) using a 4‑bit quantized Qwen2.5‑7B model on a 32 GB RAM terminal without a GPU. In a synthetic benchmark with 30 % semantic...
A Jacobsthal Window in Exoplanet Period Ratios:Derivation of the 71/35 Offset From Symplectic Depletion
Researchers have derived a precise analytical offset of 71/35 (≈2.0286) for period ratios in multi‑planet systems, explaining why many adjacent pairs sit just above the 2:1 mean‑motion resonance. By converting the symplectic transfer map into a Jacobsthal map through a...
From "Crutch" To Coach: Patterns of Sustained Engagement and Deepening Support in AI Wellbeing Coaching
The study of Nova, an AI wellbeing coach, examined 14,293 sessions from January to August 2025 to determine whether AI chatbots can foster sustained, coaching‑style relationships. Returning users continued prior work in 70.8% of sessions, indicating continuity beyond episodic support....
Understanding How Digital Training Enhances Healthcare Worker Perceptions of HIV Index Case Testing: A Qualitative Explanatory Analysis
A cluster‑randomized trial in Malawi compared standard in‑person training with an enhanced digital training program for health care workers (HCWs) delivering HIV index case testing. The enhanced arm received 20 synchronous and asynchronous digital sessions featuring checklists, video vignettes, practice...
Clinical Performance of an Ultra-Brief Delirium Screening Tool in Hospitalized Older Adults
Researchers validated the Ultra‑Brief 2‑item Screener (UB‑2) for delirium in hospitalized older adults. In a cohort of 97 patients aged 65 and above, UB‑2 achieved 87.1% sensitivity and 87.9% specificity against the Confusion Assessment Method reference. Patients identified with delirium...
Predictors and Diagnostic Threshold Values of Functional Dependency in Individuals Aged 80 and Over: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
A retrospective cross‑sectional study of 444 Balıkesir residents aged 80 and over found that 70.27% were functionally dependent according to the Katz ADL scale. Multivariable analysis identified older age, higher depressive scores, elevated BMI, lower MMSE and MNA‑LF scores as...
Metrology-Driven Optical NDE for Screening ICT Probe-Induced Indentations on PCB Pads
In‑circuit testing (ICT) can leave micro‑indentations on PCB test pads, risking surface integrity and latent failures. Researchers introduced a non‑contact optical NDE method that combines high‑resolution microscopy with metrology‑driven feature extraction to quantify these indentations. Validation on a 2,000‑image dataset...
Transforming Pathways From Vulnerability to Resilience Among Internally Displaced Populations in Myanmar Using a Constructive Grounded Theory Approach
Researchers developed a grounded theory framework that repositions Myanmar’s internally displaced persons from a vulnerability lens to a resilience perspective. Using constructivist grounded theory, they interviewed 13 IDPs and 10 aid‑network actors across four conflict‑affected regions, identifying five interlinked dimensions...
Multi-Method Synergistic Determination of the Development Height of the Water-Conducting Fractured Zone in the 82209 Working Face
Researchers at Lijiayao Coal Mine applied a multi‑method system to pinpoint the water‑conducting fractured zone height above the 82209 near‑horizontal working face. Empirical formulas yielded a broad 56.09‑135 m range, while key‑strata theory estimated 66.9 m. Field boreholes measured 64.52 m and 113.58 m,...
RAKSHAK: A Blockchain-Integrated Smart Belt for Trusted Emergency Response and Secure Real-Time Safety Communication
The RAKSHAK Smart Belt is a wearable safety device that combines IoT sensors, GPS, GSM, and blockchain to send verified distress alerts. It targets high‑risk users such as women, children, seniors, and military personnel, delivering real‑time location and video data...
Predictive Value of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Attenuation Index and Left Main Coronary Artery Angle for High-Risk Plaques in Patients with...
The study assessed pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI) and left main coronary artery (LMCA) angle as predictors of high‑risk plaques in left‑dominant coronary artery disease using coronary CT angiography. Among 106 patients, 45 exhibited high‑risk plaques and showed significantly higher...
Optimization of Kapok Flavonoid Extraction Process, Bioactivity Research
Researchers employed ultrasonic‑assisted extraction to isolate total flavonoids from kapok flowers, achieving a high‑purity extract. Laboratory tests confirmed the extract’s potent antioxidant capacity, elucidating its previously speculative mechanism. The same flavonoid mixture exhibited strong antibacterial activity against major food‑borne pathogens....
LINC01116 Binds CPS1 to Regulate Urea Cycle Function, Thereby Promoting Progression and Chemoresistance in Osteosarcoma
The study reveals that the long non‑coding RNA LINC01116 is markedly up‑regulated in metastatic osteosarcoma and directly binds the urea‑cycle enzyme CPS1. Disruption of the LINC01116‑CPS1 interaction impairs citrulline production, indicating a compromised urea cycle, and markedly suppresses tumor proliferation...
Workplace Violence and Its Association with Job Satisfaction and Psychological Outcomes Among Emergency Department Physicians in Türkiye
A cross‑sectional survey of 295 emergency department physicians in Türkiye found that 95.6% experienced at least one form of workplace violence in the preceding six months, with verbal aggression being the most common. Exposure to violence was linked to significantly...
Exploring Mushroom Extracts as Green Reducing and Stabilizing Agents for Sustainable Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Researchers demonstrated a green route to synthesize silver nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of dried mushrooms, which serve simultaneously as reducing and stabilizing agents. The biogenic process yielded spherical AgNPs with a narrow size distribution of 1–2 nm, confirmed by UV‑visible spectroscopy...
Insights From Whole-Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomic Analysis of the Pathogenic Photobacterium Damselae Subsp. Damselae Strain MRY0520 Isolated From Litopenaeus...
Researchers sequenced the genome of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae strain MRY0520, isolated from diseased white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The 4.45‑Mb genome contains 3,663 coding genes, two CRISPR arrays, and two genomic islands, and shows highest similarity to the Phdd Wu‑1...
Taking AI Advice in Crisis: How AI Anthropomorphism and Regulatory Focus of Advice Shape Advice-Taking
Two preregistered studies examined how crisis contexts affect advice‑taking from artificial intelligence versus humans using the judge‑advisor system. Study 1 found that participants relied more on AI advice during crises than on human advice. Study 2 revealed that the effectiveness of AI...
Outreach Services with a Health Specialism for People Rough Sleeping in the UK: An Intervention Optimisation Study
The study develops and optimises a health‑specialist outreach model for people rough sleeping in England, producing a detailed programme theory and operational plan. Using rapid evidence review, stakeholder workshops, and interviews, researchers identified system inhibitors such as local population differences,...
Understanding Public Perspectives on Direct to Consumer Pharmacogenomic Testing in the UK: A Qualitative Study
Direct‑to‑consumer pharmacogenomic testing is rapidly expanding in the UK despite the absence of a dedicated regulatory framework. A 2021 parliamentary inquiry called for stronger safeguards, but these have not been applied to PGx services. Researchers conducted focus groups with consumers...
Assessment of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal as a Dietary Protein Source for Enhancing Broiler Meat Quality
Researchers evaluated black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) as a soybean‑meal replacement in broiler diets, testing inclusion rates from 0% to 100% across 360 chicks. A 25% BSFLM inclusion produced the highest slaughter weight (≈2.96 kg), dressing percentage (80.7%) and carcass...
Technical, Economic and Perception-Based Assessment of Plastic Paver Blocks as an Alternative to Concrete Pavers
A recent study from Nepal examined paver blocks made from 40 % waste plastic and 60 % sand as an alternative to conventional concrete pavers. The plastic blocks achieved a compressive strength of 40.40 N/mm² (meeting M40 grade), lower water absorption (0.21 %) and...
Sex-Based Disparities in Interval Time to Receipt of Surgical Treatment of Invasive Lung Cancer in Tennessee
The study of 12,113 invasive lung cancer patients in Tennessee found significant sex‑based differences in the time from diagnosis to surgery. Men waited longer than women, while older women showed a reduced risk of delay. Black patients were less likely...
Understanding Community and Health System Acceptability, Readiness and Perspectives on the Introduction of New Vector Control Approaches for Malaria Control...
Malaria remains a leading health threat in Papua New Guinea, prompting the NATNAT project to evaluate supplementary vector control tools such as residual indoor spraying, spatial emanators, and larval source management. A qualitative study across four Madang Province villages used...
An Artificial Generation Approach for Spatially Variable Seismic Ground Motions Compatible with Algerian Design Response Spectra Using Real Records: The...
The study introduces a novel algorithm that generates artificial, spatially variable, non‑stationary seismic accelerograms. An iterative adjustment loop aligns these synthetic records with target design response spectra, specifically the Algerian code spectra. The method overcomes the scarcity of nearby recorded...
Making the World’s Fastest Racket Sport Even Better: A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence-Based Objective Player Performance Assessment in Badminton
Recent systematic review of 51 AI studies (2018‑2025) maps badminton performance assessment into four dominant methodological schools: computer‑vision stroke tracking, movement‑pattern recognition, spatio‑temporal rally analysis, and multi‑modal data integration. While many reports claim high classification accuracy, few share validation datasets...
The Albumin-Globulin Ratio Mediates Progressive Motor Function Decline in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
A retrospective cohort of 201 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients and 202 matched controls revealed that a lower albumin‑globulin ratio (AGR) is strongly associated with poorer motor function and faster loss of ambulation. Logistic and Cox models showed lower AGR...
Is Platinum a Proton Blocking Catalyst?
Platinum, long‑held as the benchmark electrocatalyst for acidic hydrogen evolution, is shown to absorb hydrogen and deuterium deep within its lattice rather than merely at the surface. Operando quartz crystal microbalance measurements revealed an irreversible mass increase during water splitting,...
Extracting Non-Taxonomic and Ternary Relations From Patient-Generated Texts for Semantic Interoperability
A new knowledge‑infused neural framework extracts non‑taxonomic and ternary relations from patient‑generated texts, addressing gaps left by taxonomic‑only approaches. Using a four‑layer architecture, delayed fusion, rule‑based dictionaries, and BioBERT validation, the system processes 38,115 anxiety and depression documents. It achieves...
Longitudinal Quantification of Parkinsonian Gait Using Apple HealthKit: A Single-Subject Digital Phenotyping Study
Researchers used Apple HealthKit to continuously monitor gait in a 77‑year‑old man with Parkinson’s disease from January 2024 through December 2025. The study found a 14.3 % reduction in walking speed and a 31 % decrease in step length over the year, with step...
Understanding Hiv Patients’ Perceptions of Nutrition Education at Mulago National Referral Hospital, a Qualitative Study
A qualitative study at Mulago National Referral Hospital found that structured nutrition education is virtually absent for HIV inpatients, with six of seven participants reporting no dietary counselling and no ward‑based nutritionist. Patients expressed positive attitudes toward nutrition and recognized...
Linking Drought Indices with Maize Productivity: A Comparative Analysis of SPI and DSI in Temperate Rainfed Agriculture
A new study examines how the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Dry Spell Index (DSI) relate to maize productivity in Jammu & Kashmir’s rain‑fed, temperate districts from 1997 to 2024. The analysis finds that DSI better captures intra‑seasonal dry...
Multifactorial Predictors of Infant Neurodevelopment at Six Months: A Hierarchical Regression Analysis
A cross‑sectional study of 124 term infants examined how biological, maternal, and environmental factors predict neurodevelopment at six months using the ASQ‑3. Hierarchical regression showed that birth weight was the strongest and most consistent predictor across communication, gross motor, problem‑solving,...
Barriers and Facilitators to Antimicrobial Stewardship Implementation Across Healthcare Settings in Bangladesh: A Systematic Review
Bangladesh faces a growing antimicrobial resistance crisis, with 26,200 AMR‑related deaths in 2019. A systematic review of 14 studies covering over 34,000 patients and clinicians found that antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs are fragmented, with only 31% of prescriptions guided by...
Quantifying Climate-Mode–Driven Ocean Variability Reveals Intensified Sea-Level Rise
Researchers used a deep‑learning framework that blends satellite altimetry with tide‑gauge records to reconstruct global sea level from 1952 to 2022. An Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis isolated the contributions of the annual cycle, ENSO, IPO and the North Pacific Gyre...
Geomorphological Controls on Monazite Placer Formation Along the Kollam Coast, Southwest India
A new study investigates how coastal geomorphology governs the formation of monazite placer deposits along India’s Kollam coast. The researchers mapped shoreline features, wave regimes, and sediment transport pathways, linking them to heavy‑mineral concentrations. Laboratory grain‑size and mineralogical analyses identified...
Passive Seismic Imaging of the Orthomagmatic Ore Deposits Using Regional Earthquake Interferometry: A Case Study of the Akanvaara V-Cr-PGE Deposit...
Researchers introduced a passive seismic imaging technique that leverages interferometry of regional Pn‑wave coda to generate empirical Green’s tensors. The approach was applied to the Akanvaara V‑Cr‑PGE ultramafic deposit in northern Finland using a dense network of 771 three‑component stations....
Clinical Safety of Large Language Models in Oral Cancer–Related Patient Communication: A Longitudinal Study
A prospective longitudinal study compared Google Gemini Pro and xAI Grok‑1 on Turkish oral‑cancer patient queries over seven days. Both models delivered moderate‑to‑high scientific accuracy (Gemini 3.52, Grok 3.39) and high referral safety (90‑92%). Grok generated longer sentences but readability...
Revealing the Behavior of Asphaltene at the Oil/Water Interface: Influence of Resins
Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that asphaltene molecules adopt distinct orientations at the oil‑water interface based on their hydrophilicity, with asphaltene 1 lying flat and forming more hydrogen bonds, while asphaltene 2 inserts at a 60° angle. The presence of resin additives markedly...
Clinical, Operational, and Economic Evaluation of Point-of-Care X-Ray Use in Outbreak Response in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Mixed-Methods Study
A cross‑sectional mixed‑methods study of 327 Nigerian healthcare professionals evaluated point‑of‑care (POC) X‑ray use during outbreak response. Respondents rated POC X‑ray highly for rapid screening (mean 4.6/5), differential diagnosis and severity assessment. Multivariable analysis showed physicians, field workers, greater experience...
The Comparative Influence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Inflows on Export Performance Between Landlocked and Coastal African Countries
The paper analyzes how foreign direct investment (FDI) influences export performance in African economies from 1996 to 2023, separating landlocked from coastal nations. Using Kao‑Pedroni cointegration and Granger causality with a Pooled Mean Group estimator, it finds a long‑run equilibrium...
Resource Use, Physical Flows, and Costs of Select Technologies and Facilities in U.S. Chemicals, Cement, Iron and Steel, Food, and...
A new structured dataset characterizes technologies and facilities across U.S. chemicals, cement, iron and steel, food, and non‑manufacturing sectors. It provides facility‑level inventories for six manufacturing sectors and technology options for three non‑manufacturing sectors, harmonizing assumptions, costs, and resource use...
Effects of Mycoplasma Gallisepticum Infection on the Microbial Community Structure and Function in the Oviduct Magnum of Laying Hens
A preprint investigating Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in Roman Gray laying hens reveals that infected birds host more operational taxonomic units (473 vs. 356) and a microbiome dominated by Mycoplasmatota. Alpha‑diversity metrics remained unchanged, but beta‑diversity analyses showed a highly significant community restructuring...
Multimodal Intraoperative Neuromonitoring in Intradural Spinal Tumors: A Detailed Case Series Highlighting the Role of D‑Wave Monitoring
A retrospective case series of four patients undergoing intradural spinal tumor resection evaluated multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM). The study tracked motor evoked potentials, somatosensory evoked potentials, and D‑wave signals, noting transient MEP changes in three cases. Preservation or recovery of...
Spatiotemporal Patterns in a Diffusive Predator-Prey System of Leslie-Gower Type with Smith Growth for Prey
The paper investigates a two‑species diffusive predator‑prey model that combines Smith‑type growth for the prey, Leslie‑Gower dynamics for the predator, and a Beddington‑DeAngelis functional response. It first establishes existence, local asymptotic stability and the precise Hopf‑bifurcation condition for the non‑spatial...
Beach-Scale Tidal Variations Observed From Satellite-Derived Shoreline Time Series
Researchers demonstrate that satellite‑derived shoreline time series can resolve fine‑scale tidal dynamics along coastlines. By applying harmonic and response‑based analyses to optical imagery, they extract multiple tidal constituents, including the solar S₂ and the dominant M₂, and validate results against...
Interface-Engineered G-C3 N4 @CuAl-LDH Composite for Photocatalytic Degradation of Bromophenol Blue Dye
Researchers synthesized a g‑C₃N₄@CuAl‑LDH composite that markedly improves photocatalytic degradation of bromophenol blue dye under visible light. The material achieved 83.37 % removal within 60 minutes and up to 99.08 % efficiency at alkaline pH 9. Kinetic analysis revealed first‑order behavior with a rate...
Association Between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection and Neisseria Gonorrhea Among Women Screened for HPV in A Rural Community, Southwest Nigeria:...
A case‑control study in rural Southwest Nigeria examined co‑infection of HPV and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among 186 women. HPV‑positive participants showed a 6.45% gonorrhea prevalence versus 1.1% in HPV‑negative controls, yielding an odds ratio of 6.33 though not statistically significant (p=0.12)....