Red Cell Distribution Width-to-Albumin Ratio as a Potential Biomarker for Short-Term Mortality Risk in Critically Ill Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage:...
The study identified the red cell distribution width‑to‑albumin ratio (RAR) as an independent predictor of 28‑day ICU and in‑hospital mortality in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Analyzing 2,327 ICH cases from the MIMIC‑IV database and 428 external patients, higher RAR was linked to a 17% rise in ICU death risk after adjusting for confounders. Adding RAR to traditional severity scores (APACHE II, SOFA, SAPS II) boosted their AUCs by 0.016‑0.188. A machine‑learning‑derived model incorporating RAR and six other variables achieved AUCs of 0.761 (training), 0.723 (internal validation) and 0.723 (external validation).
From Diet to Brain Repair: Natural Bioactive Compounds in Post-Ischemic Stroke Recovery
Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of disability, and existing acute treatments are limited by narrow time windows and side effects. A new review highlights food‑derived bioactive compounds—such as curcumin, resveratrol, omega‑3 fatty acids, ginsenosides and berberine—as promising adjuncts for...
The Role and Application Prospects of Plant-Derived Bioactive Peptides in Exercise Fatigue Recovery
Plant-derived bioactive peptides (PBPs) are emerging as natural, sustainable supplements that mitigate exercise‑induced fatigue. They act on multiple fronts—scavenging reactive oxygen species, suppressing pro‑inflammatory cytokines, and activating AMPK pathways to accelerate glycogen replenishment. These mechanisms collectively improve muscle recovery and...
Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to School Children Nutrition in Urban Settings: Cross-Sectional Study From Central Kazakhstan
A cross‑sectional study of 863 parents in Karaganda, Kazakhstan examined how sociodemographic and neighborhood factors relate to parental nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and school‑related feeding practices. The analysis found that knowledge scores did not predict whether children ate in the school...
Integrative Phytochemical Profiling and in Silico Nutrigenomic Predictions of Chinese Tea–Saudi Mentha Longifolia Blend Formulations
Researchers from Saudi Arabia and China evaluated blends of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and wild mint (Mentha longifolia) at three ratios using GC‑MS. The 1:2 tea‑to‑mint formulation (replicate 2) showed the highest proportion of bioactive volatiles (50.77%), dominated by eucalyptol, (+)-2‑bornanone,...
Efficacy and Potential Pharmacological Mechanisms of Total Glucosides of Paeony in Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis in Asian Populations: A Meta-Analysis, Network...
A meta‑analysis of 28 randomized trials involving 2,130 Asian patients shows that total glucosides of paeony (TGP) combined with conventional therapy significantly improves spinal function, reduces inflammatory markers such as ESR and CRP, and enhances quality‑of‑life scores in ankylosing spondylitis...
The Therapeutic Potential of Vitamins as Nutrients in Food for Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Oxidative Stress in Liver Fibrosis Diseases
The review highlights vitamins as natural, food‑based antioxidants that can mitigate inflammation and oxidative stress—the twin drivers of liver fibrosis. Patients with chronic liver disease often exhibit multiple vitamin deficiencies, which may accelerate disease progression. Compared with conventional antioxidants such...
Assessing the Implementation of National Sodium Reduction Policies in Nigeria: An Interim Qualitative Evaluation of Stakeholder Perspectives
Nigeria’s National Multi‑sectoral Action Plan (NMSAP), launched in 2019 to curb dietary sodium, was evaluated three years later through 47 interviews and five focus groups. Stakeholders highlighted emerging nutrient‑profiling tools and school‑based nutrition education as facilitators, but noted critical gaps...
Multi-Objective Optimization of National Dietary Guidelines: Balancing Nutrition, Environment, and Economy
Researchers applied a multi‑objective optimization model to national food‑based dietary guidelines in the United States, China, Australia and New Zealand, balancing nutrient adequacy, greenhouse‑gas emissions and production costs. By strategically reducing beef intake and reallocating protein to chicken and eggs, diet‑related...
No Ergogeniceffect of Β-Alanine on Repeated Sprint Ability: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
The systematic review and multilevel meta‑analysis of 17 randomized controlled trials involving 293 healthy participants found that chronic β‑alanine supplementation does not improve repeated sprint ability (RSA). Pooled standardized mean differences for mean RSA performance, peak performance, and fatigue decrement...
Association Between Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphisms and the Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition in University Students
A 12‑week high‑intensity interval training (HIIT) program was administered to 236 non‑athletic Han Chinese university students and genotyped for APOE variants. The promoter SNP rs405509 emerged as the sole polymorphism linked to body‑composition outcomes, with the GG genotype showing higher...
Consumption Patterns of Legumes and Related Dietary Guidelines Across Europe: A Specific Focus on Peas and Chickpeas
A new Frontiers in Nutrition study compared food‑based dietary guidelines across the 27 EU member states, focusing on peas and chickpeas. The analysis found that legumes are most often grouped with fruits‑vegetables or proteins, with Portugal uniquely creating a separate...
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Personalized Dietary Recommendations for Gastric Cancer High-Risk Populations: A Narrative Review
A new narrative review outlines how artificial intelligence can generate personalized dietary recommendations for individuals at high risk of gastric cancer. It surveys AI applications in metabolic disease management, details risk‑stratification methods using biomarkers, genetics, and the gastric microbiome, and...
Maternal Probiotic Supplementation and Offspring Health: An Umbrella Review with Re-Analysis of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
An umbrella review of 18 systematic reviews examined maternal probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and lactation and its impact on offspring health. The analysis, covering 62 outcomes, found moderate‑to‑high certainty evidence that probiotics may cut infant eczema risk by roughly half...
Chemical and Structural Characterization of Hemicellulose From Date Fruits (Phoenix Dactylifera L.)
The researchers extracted hemicellulose from two date cultivars—soft Barhi and hard Neghal—and compared alkaline versus DMSO extraction. Alkali treatment delivered a 45‑47.5% yield, far surpassing the 6‑7% obtained with DMSO, though DMSO preserved feruloyl ester linkages. Structural analysis revealed Barhi...
Association Between the Composite Nutritional Index TCBI and ISR
In‑stent restenosis (ISR) remains a common, costly complication after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A recent cohort of 454 patients evaluated the triglyceride‑total cholesterol‑body weight index (TCBI) alongside traditional metabolic ratios. The analysis showed TCBI achieved the highest predictive accuracy for...
Association Between Probiotic Intervention and Sleep Quality in the General Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta‑analysis of 13 randomized trials involving 890 adults found that probiotic supplementation modestly improves subjective sleep quality. The pooled mean difference was –0.59 points on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and –0.86 points on the...
Associations Between Lipid-Derived Indices and Cardiovascular–Kidney–Metabolic Syndrome Progression Among Chinese Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults: A Longitudinal Study
The 2011‑2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study examined eight lipid‑derived indices and their relationship to cardiovascular‑kidney‑metabolic (CKM) syndrome progression in middle‑aged and elderly adults. After adjusting for confounders, seven indices—atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non‑HDL‑C, NHHR, lipoprotein combined index...
Mapping Smart Technologies and Nutritional Strategies for Monitoring Cognitive Resilience in Military Personnel Under Extreme Operational Conditions: A Scoping Review
The Frontiers in Nutrition scoping review mapped 79 studies on nutritional interventions and smart‑technology tools aimed at preserving cognitive resilience in military personnel operating in extreme environments. Nutritional supplements (42%) and personalized diets (31%) dominated the evidence base, while operational...
Mediterranean Diet Enhances Endurance Training Adaptation Through Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids
A 12‑week randomized trial with 60 competitive endurance athletes showed that a Mediterranean‑diet intervention markedly altered gut microbiota, boosting alpha diversity and enriching SCFA‑producing genera such as Faecalibacterium and Roseburia. Plasma concentrations of propionate and butyrate rose 42% and 58%...
Multi-Dimensional Information Characterization of Different Grades of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma Based on HS-GC–MS, LC–MS, Electronic Nose, and Electronic Tongue
Researchers applied HS‑GC‑MS, LC‑MS, electronic nose and electronic tongue to characterize chemical and sensory differences among four commercial grades of Atractylodes macrocephala rhizoma. Multivariate analysis identified four volatile and six non‑volatile compounds that consistently distinguished the grades, with terpenoids driving...
Acute Effects of Citrulline Malate and L-Arginine, Alone and in Combination, on Anaerobic Performance Indicators in Highly Trained Taekwondo Athletes
A double‑blind, randomized crossover trial examined 16 elite male taekwondo athletes who received either 6 g L‑arginine, 8 g citrulline malate, their combination (14 g total), or placebo one hour before a Wingate test. The combined citrulline malate + L‑arginine condition produced a statistically significant...
CT-Assessed Abdominal Visceral Adiposity and MASLD: A Sex-Stratified Cross-Sectional Analysis
A large cross‑sectional study of 7,805 Chinese adults found that CT‑derived visceral fat area (VFA) is the strongest predictor of metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), outperforming body‑mass index (BMI). Men in the highest VFA quartile faced an 11.5‑fold higher...
Creatine Supplementation on Fatigue Related to Post-COVID-19 Condition—Fatigue Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized, single‑blind pilot trial evaluated creatine monohydrate at 6 g and 18 g daily for four weeks in adults with post‑COVID‑19 condition (PCC) experiencing fatigue. The 6 g/day regimen produced a statistically significant reduction in Piper Fatigue Scale‑Revised scores (‑2.05 points) and...
Dietary Fructo-Oligosaccharides Dose-Dependently Modulate the Microbiome and Suppress Type 2 Lung Inflammation in a Murine Model of House Dust Mite-Induced...
Researchers fed BALB/c mice diets containing 1 %, 2.5 %, 5 %, or 10 % fructo‑oligosaccharides (FOS) before and during house‑dust‑mite sensitisation. While overall eosinophil recruitment to the lungs was unchanged, FOS dose‑dependently lowered lung Th2 cell frequencies and reduced key type 2 cytokines such...
Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Injury: Insights From Interdisciplinary Perspectives and Therapeutic Approaches
A new review in Frontiers in Nutrition (published March 24 2026) synthesizes interdisciplinary research on intestinal mucosal barrier injury, integrating perspectives from Traditional Chinese Medicine, nutrition, environmental science, psychology, genetics and food science. It maps the barrier’s mechanical, chemical, biological and immune...
Divergent Pathways of Mango Fractions in Promoting Metabolic Health: From Gut Microbiota Remodeling to Direct Systemic Regulation
The study compared mango pulp, peel, and kernel in mice using 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal metabolomics. Pulp and peel primarily reshaped gut microbiota—pulp enriched Bilophila, peel enriched Staphylococcus—altering fecal peptide and lipid metabolism. Kernel acted largely independent of the...
Comparative Associations of Three Nutritional Indices with Hematoma Expansion After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
A retrospective cohort of 349 intracerebral hemorrhage patients examined three admission‑based nutritional indices—Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), Triglycerides × Total Cholesterol × Body Weight Index (TCBI), and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score—to assess their relationship with hematoma expansion (HE). Twelve percent of patients experienced HE,...
Clinical Application and Institutional Governance of Foods for Special Medical Purposes in Medical Institutions of Eastern Coastal China: A Cross-Sectional...
A cross‑sectional survey of 94 hospitals in Jiangsu Province found that 78.7% of institutions offer Foods for Special Medical Purposes (FSMP), yet only 43.6% have formal FSMP management committees. Insurance reimbursement is rare, covering just 2.1% of cases, and many...
Discovery of Anti-Inflammatory Agents From Oreorchis Patens, a Medicinal and Edible Plant: Mechanistic Insights and Potential Therapeutic Applications
Researchers identified six phenanthrene derivatives from the edible pseudobulbs of Oreorchis patens, a traditional food‑and‑medicine plant. Among them, phenanthrene dimer 3 showed strong anti‑inflammatory activity in LPS‑stimulated macrophages by directly binding to the allosteric ADaM site of AMPK and preventing...
Association of Lipid Parameters with the Development of Disease Complications in Patients with Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis: A Prospective Exploratory...
A prospective cohort of 38 limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) patients and matched controls revealed a modestly pro‑atherogenic lipid profile in lcSSc, characterized by lower HDL levels and particles, higher triglycerides, and elevated triglycerides/HDL ratio and atherogenic index. NMR‑based analysis...
Alterations in Whole-Brain White Matter Structural Network Among Females with Abdominal Obesity by Appetite Subtypes
Researchers used diffusion tensor imaging to map whole‑brain white‑matter networks in 60 women with abdominal obesity, dividing them into strong‑appetite (SA) and moderate‑appetite (MA) subgroups and comparing them with 30 healthy controls. Both patient groups retained small‑world network organization, but...
Burden of Colon and Rectum Cancer Attributable to a Diet High in Red Meat in the United States, 1990–2021
A new analysis of Global Burden of Disease 2021 data estimates that 12,053 colorectal cancer deaths in the United States in 2021 were attributable to a diet high in red meat. Age‑standardized mortality and DALY rates have declined modestly since...
Which Critically Ill Patients Are More Susceptible to the Adverse Effects Associated with Feeding Intolerance? A Secondary Analysis of a...
A secondary analysis of the multicenter NEED trial found that feeding intolerance (FI) in critically ill patients receiving early enteral nutrition was linked to higher 28‑day mortality after multivariable adjustment (adjusted OR 1.37). FI also resulted in longer ICU stays, fewer...
Professional Perspectives on PN Among Registered Dietitians in Saudi Arabia: A Mixed-Methods Assessment
The study surveyed 88 registered dietitians in Saudi Arabia to assess attitudes and readiness for personalized nutrition (PN) and multi‑omics technologies. Adoption of PN technologies was low at 16%, with work experience showing a modest positive correlation to perceived usefulness,...
Clinical Implications of Malnutrition in Huntington's Disease Progression: Evidence From a Chinese Cohort and Mendelian Randomization
Researchers evaluated nutritional status in 113 Chinese Huntington’s disease patients using CONUT, GNRI, and PNI scores and compared them with matched healthy controls. Malnutrition was markedly more common in HD, especially by CONUT (34.5% vs 13.3%) and GNRI (8% vs...
Associations of Inflammation-Related Nutritional and Metabolic Status Indices CAR and CTI with 90-Day Unfavorable Functional Outcomes in Patients with Acute...
A Korean stroke registry of 1,484 acute ischemic stroke patients examined whether the C‑reactive protein‑to‑albumin ratio (CAR) and the CRP‑triglyceride‑glucose index (CTI) predict 90‑day functional outcomes. After multivariable adjustment, higher CAR (OR 1.25) and higher CTI (OR 1.38) were independently associated with...
UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Profiling of Resin Glycosides and Their Lipase Inhibitory Activity in Leaves of Selected Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) Cultivars
The study applied UHPLC‑Q‑TOF‑MS/MS to profile resin glycosides (RGs) in leaves of nine sweet‑potato cultivars, identifying 128 distinct RGs. Multivariate analysis linked four pentasaccharide RGs—featuring 2‑methylbutyric and dodecanoic acid side chains—to potent pancreatic lipase inhibition. Xushu 32 and Blackheart extracts showed...
Association Between Zinc Deficiency and Adverse Outcomes in Patients with Dementia: A Matched Cohort Study
A retrospective matched cohort study of 2,482 dementia patients found that serum zinc deficiency (<70 µg/dL) was linked to a 54% higher risk of 1‑year all‑cause mortality. Deficient patients also experienced significantly increased rates of sepsis, ICU admission, urinary tract infection,...
Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio as a New Multidimensional Biomarker in Obese Patients with Liver Steatosis Undergoing VLEKT: Results From a Pilot Study
The pilot study of 37 obese adults undergoing an eight‑week Very‑Low Energy Ketogenic Therapy (VLEKT) showed significant reductions in body weight, BMI, fat mass, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA, triglycerides, LDL‑C, hepatic steatosis (CAP) and liver stiffness. Both the leptin‑to‑adiponectin ratio...
Docosahexaenoic Acid Intake and Health in Adults and Older Adults: A Narrative Review of Disparities by Country Income Level
A new narrative review synthesizes 52 studies on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake and health outcomes across countries of differing income levels. The evidence, dominated by high‑income country research, links higher DHA status to modest reductions in ischemic stroke risk, favorable...
Salvia Pratensis Exhibits in Vitro Anti-Cancer Effects in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Through miR-34a-5p Signaling
Researchers evaluated leaf extracts from three Italian plants for activity against triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC). Salvia pratensis showed the strongest selective effect, cutting viability of MDA‑MB‑231 cells by roughly one‑third while sparing non‑cancerous MCF‑10A cells. The extract triggered mitochondrial reactive...
Editorial: Human Milk, Nutrition and Infant Development, Volume II
The editorial underscores human milk as the gold‑standard for infant nutrition, highlighting its dynamic blend of macronutrients, bioactive proteins, and long‑chain polyunsaturated fatty acids that drive optimal growth and brain development. It details how human milk oligosaccharides, immune proteins, and...
Impact of Enteral Feeding Strategies on Nosocomial Clostridioides Difficile Infection-Induced Diarrhea
A retrospective study of 78 Saudi hospital patients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) found that continuous enteral feeding markedly lowered diarrhea severity compared with intermittent feeding (OR = 7.91, p < 0.001). Continuous feeding also stabilized serum sodium and reduced biochemical instability, while intermittent...
Fermented Milk Protein Consumption Improves Exercise Performance and Total Body Mass in Prepubertal Children: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial
A randomized, double‑blind pilot trial examined 8‑week consumption of a fermented milk protein beverage versus an equivalent non‑fermented milk protein drink and a protein‑free placebo in 44 prepubertal boys who play soccer. Both fermented and non‑fermented milk protein groups showed...
Rehmannia Glutinosa Polysaccharides: A Review on Structural Features, Pharmacological Potential, and Advanced Delivery Systems
The review highlights Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharides (RGPs) as multifunctional heteropolysaccharides with immunomodulatory, anti‑inflammatory, antitumor, anti‑aging, and metabolic benefits. It details how structural attributes—molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and glycosidic linkages—drive these activities and why poor oral bioavailability and batch variability impede...
Uncovering Non-Linear Dietary Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Older Adults with Periodontitis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
A cross‑sectional analysis of NHANES and MPED data used interpretable machine‑learning to predict cardiovascular disease risk in older adults with periodontitis. XGBoost delivered the highest performance (AUC‑ROC 0.85‑0.89) and SHAP identified several non‑linear dietary predictors. Contrary to conventional guidance, higher...
Active Bio-Packaging with PHBHHx-ZnO Bionanocomposites: Advancing Food Safety and Shelf-Life
Researchers have developed active bio‑packaging films by reinforcing poly(3‑hydroxybutyrate‑co‑3‑hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles. The ZnO nanofiller enhances mechanical stiffness, thermal stability, oxygen‑barrier performance, and provides antimicrobial and UV‑shielding functions. Real‑food trials show refrigerated shelf‑life extensions from 6‑8 days...
Machine Learning-Based Association Analysis of Triglyceride-Glucose Index with Melanoma Prevalence and All-Cause Mortality: Insights From Cross-Sectional NHANES 1999–2018 Data and...
A large NHANES analysis of 21,360 adults examined the triglyceride‑glucose (TyG) index’s relationship with melanoma prevalence and all‑cause mortality, complemented by a 475‑patient hospital cohort. While higher TyG tertiles initially appeared linked to increased mortality, the association vanished after full...
Rhodiola Rosea, Ginkgo Biloba, and Ashwagandha as Novel Antidepressant Supplements: Converging Monoaminergic, Neurotrophic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Brain Health Pathways in Depressive...
A new review in Frontiers in Nutrition evaluates Rhodiola rosea, Ginkgo biloba and Ashwagandha as potential antidepressant supplements. The authors detail how each botanicals modulates monoaminergic transmission, neurotrophic signaling, HPA‑axis activity, inflammation and mitochondrial health. Preclinical data and early‑phase clinical...