Inherited Disorders of Cobalamin Metabolism in Childhood: Biochemical and Clinical Perspectives
The review outlines inherited cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolism disorders that cause severe neurological injury in children. It details the biochemical pathways, the spectrum of genetic complementation groups (cblC, cblD, cblE, etc.), and the characteristic elevations of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Clinical presentation ranges from neonatal encephalopathy and seizures to later‑onset neuropathy, with MRI often revealing white‑matter and spinal cord lesions. Prompt diagnosis using targeted biomarkers and molecular testing, followed by aggressive parenteral B12 therapy, can avert irreversible damage.
Dietary Protein Intake, Inflammatory Biomarkers, Genetic Susceptibility, and the Incidence of Sarcopenia: A Prospective Population-Based Study
A large prospective UK Biobank study of 37,870 adults found that higher dietary plant protein intake was associated with a 25% lower risk of incident sarcopenia, while total and animal protein showed no independent benefit after full adjustment. Inflammatory biomarkers...
Cherry Microbiota and Metabolites with Planting Altitude of Coffea Arabica in Baoshan of China
Researchers examined Coffea arabica cherries from four planting altitudes (1,000‑1,600 m) in Baoshan, Yunnan, using Illumina sequencing and UPLC‑MS/MS. Altitude significantly altered bacterial (Sphingomonas, Pleomorphomonas) and fungal (Cladosporium, Strelitziana) community structures and shifted metabolite profiles. Key flavor‑precursor compounds—caffeine, trigonelline, chlorogenic acid—declined...
Association Between Meat Consumption and Cancer Mortality in Korean Adults
A large Korean cohort study examined how different meat types relate to site‑specific cancer mortality. Overall meat intake showed no link to total cancer deaths, but distinct patterns emerged by sex. Men with higher red‑meat consumption experienced lower gastric cancer...
Characterization of Human Milk Oligosaccharides From Chinese Mothers and Their Association with Delivery Mode and Infant Eczema
A cross‑sectional study of 635 Chinese mother‑infant pairs quantified 24 human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) across five lactation stages. Mothers who delivered by C‑section showed significantly lower concentrations of several key HMOs, including 2’FL, LNnT, and LNFP‑III, especially in early milk....
Comparative Assessment of Brassica Nigra Seed and Its Sprout Ethanolic Extracts Against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Insight Into Antioxidant and...
Researchers compared ethanolic extracts of Brassica nigra (black mustard) seeds and sprouts for protecting rat livers against a high‑dose paracetamol challenge. Rats received 500 mg/kg body weight of each extract for 21 days, with silymarin (100 mg/kg) as a reference drug. Both extracts...
Functional Foods and Their Potential Impact on Women’s Health in Chile
A new review highlights the growing burden of non‑communicable diseases among Chilean women, noting that diet alone accounts for 40% of deaths and that obesity affects 33.9% of women—higher than men. It argues that locally sourced functional foods rich in...
The Effect of Montmorency Tart Cherry Consumption on Athletic Performance and Post-Exercise Recovery in Healthy Adults: A Scoping Review
A scoping review of 28 randomized trials evaluated Montmorency tart cherry supplementation in healthy adults. Four of ten performance studies reported faster time‑trials or longer time‑to‑exhaustion, while seven of fourteen strength‑recovery trials showed accelerated muscle‑strength return. Only six of twenty‑two...
Nutritional Composition, Sensory Acceptability and Shelf-Life Evaluation of Wheat–Corn Chaff Composite Cake
Researchers developed wheat–corn chaff composite cakes by substituting wheat flour with up to 20 % corn chaff and evaluated their nutrition, taste, and storage stability. A 10 % chaff inclusion raised dietary fiber to 2.15 g/100 g and increased key minerals—iron 2.87 mg, zinc 2.70 mg,...
Application of Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Stabilized Silver Nanoclusters as Fluorescent Probes for Trace Iodide in Seaweed
Researchers synthesized polyvinylpyrrolidone‑stabilized silver nanoclusters (AgNCs@PVP) that act as a fluorescent probe for iodide detection in seaweed. The probe exhibits a linear response from 0.29 µM to 280 µM with a detection limit of 56 nM, and fluorescence is selectively quenched by iodide...
Assessment of Taste Profile Dynamics During Crabapple (Malus Prunifolia (Willd.) Borkh.) Ripening by Metabolomics and Electronic Tongue Analysis
Researchers combined untargeted metabolomics with an electronic tongue to map flavor and metabolite changes in crabapple (Malus prunifolia) across four ripening stages. The study found that overall taste remains stable, while sweetness steadily rises and sourness, bitterness, and astringency decline....
Dietary Intakes of Cysteine, Glutamate, Proline, and Tryptophan Are Associated with Hypertension Risk in Chinese Children and Adolescents: A National...
A national cross‑sectional study of 12,187 Chinese children and adolescents (ages 6‑18) found that higher dietary intakes of cysteine, glutamic acid and proline were associated with roughly double the odds of hypertension, while tryptophan intake reduced risk by about 50%....
Associations Between Dietary Inflammatory Potential and COPD: The Mediating Role of Inflammation
A prospective analysis of 167,440 UK Biobank participants found that higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and energy‑adjusted DII (E‑DII) scores were linked to a greater risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) over a median 13.4‑year follow‑up. Each one‑unit...
Galactose Alters Early-Life Development and Exerts Sex-Specific Nutritional Programming Effects on Lifespan in Drosophila Melanogaster
Researchers fed Drosophila larvae a 5% galactose diet and later switched adults to either a standard 5% glucose or a high‑glucose 20% diet. Galactose prolonged larval development, increased pupal volume, and lowered mitochondrial mass, while adult females on a normal...
The Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Score on Oral Nutrition Supplementation Is Inversely Associated with Malnutrition Risk of Tumor Patients During...
A multicenter cross‑sectional study of 1,737 Chinese cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy found that 70.1% were at risk of malnutrition. Researchers measured patients' knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward oral nutrition supplements (ONS) and discovered that higher KAP scores were independently...
Essential Minerals and Risk of Pancreatic Diseases: A Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study
A prospective cohort of 191,875 UK Biobank participants followed for a median 13 years found that higher dietary iodine and selenium intake are linked to a roughly 13 % increase in pancreatic cancer risk, especially among women, older adults and smokers. In...
Association Between Planetary Health Diet Index and Lung Cancer Risk in 106,542 Participants: A Prospective Cohort Study
A prospective analysis of 106,542 participants from the PLCO trial found that higher adherence to the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) was associated with a 29% lower risk of lung cancer over an average 8.8‑year follow‑up. Individuals in the highest...
Nutritional Properties of Extracellular Vesicle-Like Particles From Sophora Flavescens and Periplaneta Americana with Effects on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wound Healing in...
Researchers combined extracellular vesicle‑like particles (EVLPs) from the medicinal plant Sophora flavescens and the insect Periplaneta americana, creating a cross‑kingdom nano‑nutritional formulation (SF‑PA‑EVLPs). In streptozotocin‑induced diabetic rats, high‑dose SF‑PA‑EVLPs achieved roughly 90% wound closure within 14 days, outperforming the standard...
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Inflammatory Biomarkers and Cognitive Status in Older Italian Adults
A cross‑sectional study of 92 Italian seniors found that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet dramatically reduced the odds of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with an odds ratio of 0.07 for participants in the top adherence quartile. MCI patients displayed...
Association of SPISE with Prevalent and Incident MASLD: A Two-Stage Population-Based Study and Development of a Risk Prediction Model
A two‑stage population study found that the Single‑Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) is inversely linked to both prevalent and incident metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In cross‑sectional analysis, higher SPISE cut the odds of existing MASLD by more than...
Clinical Utility of the AITIS Model for Test-Free Identification of Sarcopenia in Patients with Stage IV–V Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease
The study validates the Artificial Intelligence to Identify Sarcopenia (AITIS) model as a test‑free screening tool for sarcopenia in 236 patients with stage IV–V non‑dialysis chronic kidney disease. Using only age, sex, height, weight and 20 self‑reported functional items, AITIS achieved...
Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Eye Diseases: Current Insights, Mechanistic Underpinnings, and Future Outlook
A 2026 Frontiers in Nutrition review links early‑life gut microbiota dysbiosis to several common pediatric eye disorders, including allergic conjunctivitis, myopia, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and postoperative inflammation after congenital cataract surgery. The authors synthesize evidence that immune imbalance, microbial...
Association Between the Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Carotid Plaque: A Retrospective Cohort Study
A retrospective cohort of 5,985 Chinese adults followed for an average of 2.2 years found that a higher non‑HDL‑C to HDL‑C ratio (NHHR) independently predicts incident carotid plaque. Participants in the top NHHR quartile experienced a 64% greater hazard of...
Gut Microbiota-Liver-Kidney Axis in Diabetic Kidney Disease: Mechanistic Insights Into Amino Acid Metabolism and Nutritional Intervention Strategies Targeting Natural Bioactive...
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is accelerating as diabetes prevalence climbs, now affecting up to 40% of diabetics and driving a surge in end‑stage renal disease. Recent research highlights a gut‑microbiota‑liver‑kidney axis that links dietary nutrients to kidney injury through metabolites...
Mechanisms by Which Complex Carbohydrates Influence Immune Imbalance in COPD via the Gut–Lung Axis: From Colonic Fermentation to Pulmonary Immune...
Recent research highlights how the structural characteristics of dietary complex carbohydrates steer colonic fermentation, shaping the production of short‑chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and tryptophan metabolites that travel to the lungs. Faster‑degrading, low‑polymerization carbs generate SCFAs mainly in the proximal colon,...
Prognostic Value of the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index for Renal Function Progression in Patients with CKD Stages 3–4
A multicenter retrospective cohort of 53,607 Chinese patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3‑4 found the triglyceride‑glucose (TyG) index to be an independent predictor of renal function progression. Each 1‑unit increase in TyG was linked to a 10% higher hazard,...
Negative Impact of Reduced Exocrine Pancreatic Function on Sarcopenia Risk in the Asymptomatic General Population
Researchers analyzed data from 5,598 asymptomatic German adults to assess whether reduced exocrine pancreatic function, measured by fecal elastase ≤200 µg/g, is linked to sarcopenia. They found a 9.1% prevalence of exocrine insufficiency and a 4.1% prevalence of sarcopenia, with a...
Early Combined Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Support for Patients over 80 Years Old with Non-Operative Intestinal Obstruction
A retrospective study of 191 patients over 80 with non‑operative intestinal obstruction compared early combined parenteral and enteral nutrition (ECPEN) to delayed combined nutrition (DCPEN). After 1:1 propensity score matching, 79 pairs showed that ECPEN led to shorter total parenteral...
Development of an Intelligent Food Nutrition Recognition and Nutrient Intake Assessment System in Hospital Settings
Researchers at Peking University People's Hospital created an AI‑driven food nutrition recognition system for therapeutic hospital meals. The platform combines RGB‑D imaging, the Segment Anything Model for segmentation, and a SE_ResNet50_vd classifier, achieving 99.2% accuracy in food type identification. Volume...
Nonlinear and Sex-Specific Associations of Maternal Vitamin D in Early- and Mid-Pregnancy with Childhood Growth Trajectories From Birth to 6 Years...
A prospective cohort of 1,100 Chinese mother‑child pairs found nonlinear, sex‑specific associations between maternal vitamin D levels in early and mid‑pregnancy and offspring growth trajectories from birth to age six. Low early‑pregnancy vitamin D increased odds of rising height‑for‑age and BMI‑for‑age Z‑scores,...
Metabolic Features in Plasma and Urine of Obese Children and Their Association with MAFLD Risk
Researchers analyzed plasma and urine from 160 obese Chinese children aged 7‑14, identifying four metabolites linked to metabolic dysfunction‑associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Elevated plasma alanine and proline were associated with higher MAFLD risk, while higher urinary hippuric acid and...
The Relationship Between Nutrition Status Indicators and Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
A cross‑sectional analysis of 285 hospitalized type 2 diabetes patients in Hebei found that 62% were vitamin D deficient (25‑hydroxyvitamin D < 20 ng/mL). Lower total protein levels were significantly linked to higher odds of deficiency, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.933 per gram‑per‑liter increase....
Maternal Serum Ferritin Across Gestation and Risk of Small-for-Gestational-Age: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
A longitudinal cohort of 17,451 Chinese pregnancies found that elevated maternal serum ferritin in the third trimester is linked to a higher incidence of small‑for‑gestational‑age (SGA) infants. Women with ferritin ≥18.1 ng/mL at 29‑31 weeks had a 42% greater adjusted odds of...
The Dish-I-Wish Open Dataset on Food Preferences and Parental Influence
The researchers have released the Dish‑I‑Wish open dataset, capturing food‑selection behavior of 203 Russian children aged 4‑14. Using a gamified web app, participants chose meals for themselves and indicated what they believed their parents would serve, providing both autonomous and...
Socioeconomic Stratification in the Association Between Tea Consumption and Skeletal Muscle Mass Among Oilfield Workers
A cross‑sectional study of 2,574 Chinese oilfield workers found that habitual tea consumption is linked to higher appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM). In fully adjusted models, low‑level tea intake raised the skeletal muscle index by 0.105 units and high‑level intake...
Vitamin D Status and Site-Specific Fracture Pattern Associations in Older Adults with Fragility Fractures: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2543 Patients
Researchers analyzed 2,543 patients aged 60 and older hospitalized for fragility fractures in China. They found that 35.9% were vitamin D deficient and 44.2% insufficient, with deficiency linked to older age, female sex, winter admission, and prior cerebral infarction. Serum 25(OH)D...
Hepatoprotective Potential of JHB, a Functional Beverage, in a Mouse Model of Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury
The Frontiers in Nutrition study shows that Jiuxiangfeng Houwuyou Beverage (JHB), a flavonoid‑rich plant‑based drink, markedly protects mice from acute alcohol‑induced liver injury. Pretreatment lowered serum ALT and AST, reduced oxidative stress markers, suppressed inflammatory cytokines, and boosted ADH and...
Effects of Macro- and Micronutrient Intake on Bone Mineral Density, Osteoporotic Fracture Risk, Inflammation, and Functional Rehabilitation Outcomes in Orthopedic...
A systematic review of 95 studies examined macro‑ and micronutrient interventions in orthopedic patients, finding moderate improvements in bone mineral density (SMD 0.47) and large reductions in bone turnover markers (SMD ‑0.69) and inflammatory markers (SMD ‑1.34). Post‑operative recovery outcomes showed a strong...
Health Characteristics of Recreationally Active Female Cannabidiol Users: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study
A cross‑sectional study of 149 recreationally active women aged 18‑40 examined real‑world cannabidiol (CBD) use. Current users (n=78) reported significantly lower physical activity, shorter sleep duration and poorer quality‑of‑life scores than non‑users, while dietary quality was modestly higher and tobacco...
Risk of Gastrointestinal Intolerance and Complications Associated with Homemade versus Commercial Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective...
A retrospective cohort of 605 ICU patients compared commercial enteral nutrition (CEN) with hospital‑compounded individualized commercial formulation (ICF). ICF patients experienced markedly lower diarrhea (13.6% vs 41.5%), fewer feeding interruptions, higher mean daily calories (951 kcal vs 893 kcal), and dramatically reduced...
An Evidence Mapping Study Based on Systematic Reviews of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Hyperuricemia
An umbrella review of eleven systematic reviews evaluated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and integrated TCM‑Western (ITCW) therapies for hyperuricemia. The pooled data suggest that both TCM monotherapy and ITCW reduce serum uric acid levels and improve total effective rates compared...
Novel Prediction Equations for Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass in Hemodialysis Patients: Referenced Against Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
A cross‑sectional study of 111 maintenance hemodialysis patients found that three widely used anthropometric equations for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) performed poorly against multi‑frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Researchers created two dialysis‑specific models, an advanced height‑weight (HW) equation...
Rhodomyrtus Tomentosa Fruit Ameliorates LPS Induced Depression-Like Behaviors in Mice by Attenuating Hippocampal Neuroinflammation via Inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Researchers evaluated an ethanol extract of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa fruit (RTEE) in a lipopolysaccharide‑induced mouse model of depression. RTEE dose‑dependently improved sucrose preference, locomotor activity, and reduced immobility in tail‑suspension and forced‑swim tests, indicating reversal of depressive‑like behavior. Histological analysis showed...
Gastrointestinal Tolerance to a Standardized Milk-Based Hydration Strategy Is Similar Across Exercise Modalities
A randomized crossover trial compared gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance of low‑fat, lactose‑free A2 milk during treadmill running and stationary cycling, matching intensity, duration, and fluid volume. Overall GI symptom burden was statistically equivalent between the two modalities, despite cycling showing higher...
Adiponectin and Phase Angle in the Assessment of Sarcopenia in Crohn’s Disease: Beyond Muscle Mass
A recent Frontiers in Nutrition study evaluated 150 Crohn’s disease patients and found that both serum adiponectin levels and bioelectrical impedance‑derived phase angle are strong, independent predictors of sarcopenia. Only 8% of the cohort met full sarcopenia criteria, while 71%...
Male Sex and Iron Deficiency Risk at 6 Months: The Mediating Role of Rapid Weight Gain
A retrospective cohort of 355 term infants in Chengdu found that male infants had a significantly higher prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) at six months (27.9% vs 15.8% in females). Rapid weight gain during the first six months was independently...
Assessment of Nutritional and Functional Profile of Whole, Hulled and Germinated Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L.) Seeds
Researchers evaluated whole, dehulled and germinated hemp seeds (Cannabis sativa L.) from Romania, measuring proximate composition, antinutrients, amino acids, fatty acids, tocopherols and antioxidant capacity. Dehulling increased crude protein to 33.8 % and ether extract to 48.1 %, raising metabolizable energy to...
Evaluation of the Antidiabetic Potential and Bioaccessibility of Propolis-Enriched Aronia Kombucha: An in Vitro Study
Researchers evaluated a propolis‑enriched aronia kombucha (PAK) against a standard aronia kombucha (AK) to assess bioactive content, in‑vitro bioaccessibility, and antidiabetic activity. Using response surface methodology, the optimal blend was identified as 11.09 g L⁻¹ aronia tea with 1.42 % propolis, yielding higher...
Interpretable Machine Learning of Non-Traditional Lipid Indices for Diagnostic Classification of CHD in Patients with Comorbid MASLD and T2DM: A...
Patients with metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes face a markedly higher risk of coronary heart disease, yet standard lipid panels often miss residual risk. A multicenter retrospective analysis of 1,823 such patients identified eight non‑traditional...
Association Between Vitamin D Levels and Psychological Stress-Induced Asthma Prevalence: An Untargeted Metabolomics Study Combined with the NHANES Database
A combined analysis of U.S. NHANES data and a Chinese clinical cohort found that lower vitamin D status is associated with a higher prevalence of psychological stress‑induced asthma (PSA). In the NHANES sample, each 1 nmol/L increase in serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D reduced PSA...