Effects of Liquid Diet Administration Routes and Types of Dietary Fiber Pectin on Fecal Characteristics and Gut Microbiota in Rats
A rat study compared oral, gastrostomy and duodenostomy delivery of liquid diets with either low‑methoxyl pectin (LMP), high‑methoxyl pectin (HMP) or no pectin. Duodenostomy feeding raised cecal content weight, lowered gut‑microbiota alpha diversity and shifted the community toward more Proteobacteria and fewer Firmicutes. LMP supplementation consistently improved fecal consistency, increased microbial diversity and boosted Firmicutes while suppressing Enterobacteriaceae, irrespective of the feeding route. The results highlight how both the administration route and fiber type shape the intestinal environment during short‑term enteral nutrition.
Sarcopenia and Satellite Cell Homeostasis Disruption: The Dual Function of NAD+ Metabolism
A new review in Frontiers in Nutrition examines how NAD⁺ metabolism exerts a dual, dose‑dependent influence on muscle satellite cell (MuSC) homeostasis, a key driver of sarcopenia. Moderate supplementation with precursors such as NMN or NR activates SIRT1 and SIRT3,...
Dietary Polyphenols in Pediatric Obesity and Cardiometabolic Risk: Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence
A new narrative review published on June 5 2026 examines how dietary polyphenols—found in fruits, vegetables, cocoa, tea and legumes—might influence pediatric obesity and its cardiometabolic complications. The authors outline mechanisms such as antioxidant activity, inflammation reduction, insulin‑sensitising pathways, endothelial support and...
Low 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels Are Associated with Severe COVID-19: An Observational Study in Hospitalized Patients
A retrospective cohort of 185 hospitalized COVID‑19 patients found that serum 1,25‑dihydroxyvitamin D (the active vitamin D metabolite) was markedly lower in those with severe disease. Multivariate analysis identified low 1,25‑(OH)₂ D, prior ICU admission, and longer hospital stay as independent predictors of...
Correlation Between Prognostic Nutritional Index and Oral Mucositis in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated with Almonertinib: A Multicenter Prospective Study
A multicenter prospective study of 537 Chinese lung adenocarcinoma patients treated with the third‑generation EGFR‑TKI almonertinib found that low baseline prognostic nutritional index (PNI) significantly increased the risk of oral mucositis (OM). Each one‑unit rise in PNI reduced OM odds...
The Effect of Proniosomal Hydroxytyrosol Enriched Extract Added During Pre- and Post-Fermentation of Yoghurt Production
Researchers evaluated hydroxytyrosol‑rich fermented olive leaf brine extract (OLBE) delivered via proniosomal powder when added either before or after yoghurt fermentation. The proniosomes showed high encapsulation efficiency (81 %), nanoscale size (~200 nm) and negative zeta potential, ensuring stability. Across both timing...
Dynamic Vitamin D Trajectories and Their Prognostic Value in Breast Cancer: A Group-Based Trajectory Modeling Study
A retrospective cohort of 513 breast cancer patients tracked serum vitamin D at baseline, mid‑treatment, and post‑treatment. Group‑based trajectory modeling identified six vitamin D patterns, collapsed into three risk strata. Persistent deficiency or worsening levels independently predicted markedly lower event‑free survival. A...
Comparison of PNI and GNRI Nomogram Models for Predicting Postoperative Complications in Elderly Patients with Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study
A retrospective study of 364 elderly NSCLC patients developed a nomogram that predicts postoperative cardiopulmonary complications using five independent factors: smoking history, pre‑operative GNRI, postoperative PNI, ΔPNI, and operative duration. The model achieved an AUC of 0.82 in the training...
Assessment of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 as Predictors of Long Hospital Stay in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases
A retrospective study of 896 upper gastrointestinal (UGI) patients found that both the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) score and serum albumin level independently predict prolonged hospital stays. An NRS2002 score of ≥ 2 yielded an area under the curve of 0.721,...
Vitamin D–AMP Axis in Host Defense Against Fungal Infections
The review examines how vitamin D enhances innate immunity against invasive fungal pathogens by up‑regulating antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin LL‑37 and β‑defensins. It distinguishes vitamin D’s role as an immune modulator from the impractical use of vitamin D₃ as...
Risk Stratification of Postoperative Enteral Feeding Intolerance Using Explainable Machine Learning in Oral Cancer Free Flap Reconstruction
A retrospective study of 752 oral‑cancer patients undergoing free‑flap reconstruction developed an interpretable machine‑learning model to predict postoperative enteral feeding intolerance (FI). Using LASSO, nine peri‑operative variables—including fasting glucose, serum potassium, tumor stage, operative time and the Advanced Lung Cancer...
Machine Learning Based on Body Composition Radiomics for Predicting Early Recurrence in Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Study
A multicenter retrospective study of 917 colorectal cancer patients created an interpretable machine‑learning model that predicts early recurrence using pre‑operative CT body‑composition radiomics. After extracting 1,896 features from skeletal muscle, subcutaneous, intermuscular and visceral fat at the L3 level, an...
Dietary Supplement and Medication Use in Professional and Pre-Professional Dancers: Widespread Use but Limited Evidence of Benefit—A Systematic Review
A systematic review of 22 studies involving 740 professional and pre‑professional dancers found that dietary supplement use is widespread, ranging from 11% to 57% of dancers, with multivitamins, vitamin C, caffeine and isotonic drinks most popular. Analgesics and NSAIDs were reported...
Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Adrenal Gland, Kidney Function, Indicators Related to Cardiovascular Function in Hypertensive Patients
A study of 250 hospitalized hypertensive patients found that 66% were vitamin D deficient (serum 25‑OH‑D < 50 nmol/L). Deficient individuals exhibited higher serum sodium, aldosterone levels and aldosterone‑to‑renin ratios, while also showing lower hematocrit, calcium and urinary markers. Logistic regression linked primary...
Comparative Analysis of Four Nutritional Scores in Predicting Hospital Stay Duration for EICU Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
A retrospective cohort of 147 emergency intensive care unit (EICU) patients with acute pancreatitis evaluated four nutritional scores—NRS‑2002, PNI, CONUT and TCBI—within 24 hours of admission. While all scores correlated with length of stay in unadjusted models, only the Nutritional Risk...
Nutritional Supplementation with Panax Ginseng Extract and Bone Health in Osteoporotic Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
A systematic review and meta‑analysis of 28 randomized animal studies found that Panax ginseng extract markedly improves bone health. The supplement raised bone mineral density (SMD 2.21), enhanced trabecular microarchitecture, and strengthened biomechanical properties. Biochemical markers showed increased PINP, estradiol, osteocalcin...
Folate Deficiency Correlates with Severity of Primary Biliary Cholangitis via Modulating Key Regulatory Genes
A new study of 90 primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients found serum folate levels significantly lower than in healthy controls and progressively reduced in late‑stage disease. Folate concentrations correlated inversely with liver enzymes, immunoglobulin G and liver stiffness measurements, and...
Nutrients and Bioactive Compounds as Modifiers of Neurodegenerative Trajectories: Molecular Mechanisms, Translational Barriers, and Precision Nutrition
A new Frontiers in Nutrition review argues that neurodegenerative diseases are driven by nutrient‑sensitive system failures, not just protein aggregates. It details how vitamins, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids and phytochemicals influence oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial health, autophagy and synaptic plasticity....
Targeting Hepcidin to Restore Oral Iron Efficacy After Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) frequently triggers iron deficiency that oral iron supplements cannot correct. The study shows VSG elevates intestinal iron‑uptake proteins but provokes a disproportionate rise in hepatic hepcidin, which degrades ferroportin and traps iron in tissues. Curcumin, a...
Vitamin D Levels, General Health Status, and Work Productivity Among Healthcare Workers—A Scoping Review of Published Literature (2010–2025)
A systematic scoping review of 36 studies (2010‑2025) finds vitamin D deficiency highly prevalent among healthcare workers, with rates between 30% and over 90% depending on region, season, role and assay. The deficiency is most pronounced in nurses, shift workers and...
Edible Coatings and Plasma-Activated Water: Synergistic Strategies for Extending Fresh Produce Shelf Life
Researchers evaluated the combined use of edible coatings (ECs) and plasma‑activated water (PAW) as a hurdle technology for fresh produce. The sequential PAW‑then‑EC approach achieved 2–4 log CFU g⁻¹ microbial reductions and extended marketable shelf life by 40–100 % across strawberries, tomatoes, apples...
Causal Interplay Between Lactose Intolerance and Gut Microbiota: A Combined Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization and in Vivo Validation Study
A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study combined with a lactose‑intolerant rat model uncovers causal links between gut microbiota and lactose intolerance (LI). The analysis identifies Deltaproteobacteria and Bilophila as risk‑enhancing taxa, while Paraprevotella and Blautia appear protective. Reverse MR suggests that...
Vitamin D Status and Helicobacter Pylori Infection: Clinical Associations and Lipid Pathway Differences in an Exploratory Metabolomics Sub-Study
A cross‑sectional study of 502 Lebanese adults found vitamin D deficiency strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, with deficiency conferring roughly 98 % higher odds compared with sufficient levels. Multivariable analysis showed that both insufficiency and normal vitamin D status reduced infection odds by...
Double Burden of Malnutrition Among Children Under Five Years in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study of Prevalence and Determinants
A cross‑sectional study of 482 preschoolers in Taif, Saudi Arabia, found a striking double burden of malnutrition. Stunting affected 29.5% of children, while wasting, underweight, overweight and obesity were present in 13.5%, 11.8%, 7.7% and 11.6% respectively. Logistic regression linked...
Effect of Percutaneous Acupoint Electrical Stimulation Combined with Nutritional Support on Gastrointestinal Function and Nutritional Status of Patients After Unicondylar...
A randomized controlled trial of 60 unicondylar knee arthroplasty patients found that adding percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation to standard postoperative care and conventional nutritional support markedly accelerated gastrointestinal recovery and improved nutritional biomarkers. The experimental group achieved an 86.7% overall...
Dietary L-Arginine Supplementation Exerts Preventive Effects on Colitis Through Modulation of the Gut Microbiota
A recent mouse study shows that dietary L‑arginine given before colitis onset markedly reduces disease severity, matching the benefits of continuous supplementation. Preventive dosing restored body weight, disease activity index, colon length, tight‑junction protein expression, and lowered serum LPS. It...
Bidirectional Regulatory Effects of Exercise on Emotional Eating in Depression: An ERP-Based Narrative Review
A new narrative review in Frontiers of Nutrition separates emotional eating in depression into two phenotypes—emotional overeating (EOE) and emotional undereating (EUE). By synthesizing event‑related potential (ERP) studies, the authors map distinct neural signatures: EOE shows amplified reward cues and...
Breastfeeding and Prevention of Childhood Obesity: A Narrative Review of Behavioral, Hormonal, and Microbiome Programming
A new narrative review synthesizes evidence that breastfeeding—especially exclusive, six‑month or longer duration—offers a modest but consistent protective effect against childhood obesity. Epidemiological data show dose‑response reductions in overweight risk, while biological pathways involve appetite‑regulating hormones, favorable insulin responses, and...
The Role of Diet and Periodontitis in Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: A Mediation Analysis
A cross‑sectional analysis of 3,540 NHANES adults showed that higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores increase the odds of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) (OR 1.17), while higher Oxidative Balance Scores (OBS) reduce those odds (OR 0.96). Periodontitis independently raised PRISm risk...
A Prediction Tool for Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Results From NUTRIGETNE (GETNE-S2109) Study
The NUTRIGETNE study evaluated 399 patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP‑NENs) and found that 61.9% were malnourished while 15% had sarcopenia. Using a 4:1 split of training and validation cohorts, researchers built LASSO‑based logistic models that incorporate clinical variables such...
Role of Neutropenic Diet in Prevention of Infection and Graft-versus-Host Disease in Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Systematic Review and...
A systematic review and meta‑analysis protocol published in Frontiers in Nutrition will evaluate whether neutropenic, low‑microbial diets reduce infection rates, acute graft‑versus‑host disease (GVHD), and improve nutritional status in haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. The authors will include randomized...
Effects of Caffeinated Gum Doses Combined with Post-Activation Performance Enhancement on Bench-Press Bar Velocity: A Randomized Crossover Study
The randomized, double‑blind crossover trial tested 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg caffeine delivered via chewing gum, both with and without a post‑activation performance enhancement (PAPE) protocol, on bench‑press bar velocity and repetition volume in 15 male amateur boxers. PAPE alone raised mean...
Tart Cherry Supplementation Causes Differential Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Proteome After Eccentric Exercise
A double‑blind, placebo‑controlled crossover trial examined low (LTC) and high (HTC) doses of tart cherry concentrate on exercise‑induced muscle damage in 34 healthy young men. Seven days of supplementation raised plasma phenolic metabolites—especially hippuric acid—and altered the skeletal‑muscle proteome, increasing...
Early but Not Late Time-Restricted Eating Improves an Actigraphy-Estimated Sleep Quality in Women with Overweight or Obesity: Secondary Analysis of...
A secondary analysis of the ChronoFast crossover trial found that two weeks of early time‑restricted eating (8 a.m.–4 p.m.) improved objective sleep quality in women with overweight or obesity, while a late window (1 p.m.–9 p.m.) did not. Actigraphy showed modest gains in sleep...
Dual-Center Development and Validation of a LDL-C and TC Based Nomogram for Preoperative Hemorrhagic Risk in Adult Moyamoya Disease
A dual‑center retrospective study of 260 adult moyamoya disease (MMD) patients identified elevated low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‑C) as an independent predictor of pre‑operative intracranial hemorrhage. Using LASSO and multivariate logistic regression, the authors built a nomogram incorporating LDL‑C and total...
Intermittent Fasting and Neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s Disease: Metabolic Mechanisms, Cellular Signaling, and Brain-Peripheral Crosstalk
Intermittent fasting (IF) triggers a metabolic switch that lowers glucose and insulin while boosting lipolysis and ketone production, notably β‑hydroxybutyrate (βOHB). In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) models, IF enhances brain ketone utilization, supports the astrocyte‑neuron lactate shuttle, and restores metabolic flexibility...
Caffeine and Physical Performance in Female Intermittent Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Considering Menstrual Cycle Phase
A systematic review and meta‑analysis of nine trials (118 women) examined caffeine’s impact on intermittent‑sport performance and whether effects vary across menstrual‑cycle phases. Caffeine modestly enhanced agility (SMD = ‑0.62) and vertical‑jump height (SMD = 0.37) but did not improve sprint speed. Subgroup data...
High-Protein Supplementation in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Umbrella Review of Existing Evidence
A comprehensive systematic review, meta‑analysis and umbrella review of 18 randomized trials and eight meta‑analyses evaluated high‑protein (≥1.2 g/kg/day) versus conventional protein supplementation in critically ill adults. The pooled analysis found no overall mortality benefit (OR 0.99, 95 % CI 0.95–1.28) and no impact on...
Ergothioneine-Rich Water Extracts of Hericium Erinaceus HE-17 Alleviate Alzheimer’s Disease in Mice by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and the Gut...
Researchers identified a high‑ergothioneine Hericium erinaceus strain (HE‑17) and optimized its fermentation to produce a water extract containing 2.57 mg/g ergothioneine. In APP/PS1 transgenic mice, daily oral dosing of the extract for 90 days improved spatial learning, reduced amyloid‑β plaques, tau phosphorylation,...
Functional Processing Enhances Hepatic Targeting: The OAT2/MRP2 Mechanism of Vinegar-Processed Cyperi Rhizoma
Researchers demonstrated that vinegar processing converts cyperene to cyperotundone in Cyperi Rhizoma, boosting hepatic retention of its bioactive compounds. In HepaRG cells, vinegar‑processed CR (VCR) achieved significantly higher intracellular concentrations than raw CR, driven by up‑regulation of the uptake transporter OAT2...
The Triad of Collagen, Vitamin C, and Vitamin E in Aging: Emerging Roles in Mood and Psychological Health, Neurotrophic Support,...
A recent review highlights the combined potential of collagen, vitamin C, and vitamin E to mitigate age‑related declines in muscle, vascular, hepatic, immune, and cognitive health when paired with regular exercise. Collagen supplies amino acids for extracellular matrix remodeling, vitamin C drives collagen...
Human Milk Phospholipids Across Lactation Stages and Their Associations with Infant Neurodevelopment: A Prospective Cohort Study in China
A prospective Chinese cohort of 50 mother‑infant dyads quantified 148 phospholipid species in breast milk at four lactation stages and linked them to infant neurodevelopment at six months using ASQ‑3 scores. Total phospholipids fell from colostrum to mature milk, with...
Harnessing Underutilized Food Crops for Sustainable Extruded Snack Production: A Scoping Review
A new scoping review maps 42 peer‑reviewed studies (2000‑2026) that incorporate underutilized crops—quinoa, Bambara groundnut, orange‑fleshed sweet potato (OFSP), and sesame seed—into extruded snack products. The analysis catalogues ingredient forms, extrusion parameters, and outcomes such as expansion, density, texture, color,...
Efficacy of Ustekinumab Combined with Partial Enteral Nutrition in Crohn’s Disease
A retrospective cohort of 124 Crohn’s disease patients showed that adding partial enteral nutrition (PEN) to ustekinumab (UST) therapy markedly improved long‑term mucosal healing. At week 54, endoscopic remission was achieved in 71.05% of the UST + PEN group versus 50.00% with...
Post-Operative Early Enteral Nutrition Intolerance in Elderly Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gastric Cancer Surgery: Current Status and Nursing Strategies
A retrospective case‑control study of 346 elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric cancer surgery found that 56.1% experienced early enteral nutrition (EEN) intolerance post‑operatively. Multivariate analysis identified five independent risk factors: age ≥ 75 years, TNM stage III‑IV, diabetes mellitus, radical resection, and intra‑operative blood...
Nutritional Risk and Cancer Pain as Determinants of Radiotherapy-Induced Severe Lymphocytopenia: Development and Validation of a Nutrition-Integrated Predictive Nomogram
A retrospective analysis of 97 cancer patients identified baseline nutritional risk, moderate‑to‑severe cancer pain, and the number of radiotherapy fractions as independent predictors of severe lymphocytopenia (SL) during treatment. Nutritional risk increased the odds of SL by 3.5‑fold, while pain...
Effects of Different Menthol Administration Routes on Endurance Performance and Physiological Responses in the Heat: A Network Meta-Analysis
A network meta‑analysis of 15 randomized trials compared three menthol delivery methods—ingestion, mouth rinsing, and topical application—on performance and physiological responses in hot conditions (≥25 °C). Ingestion showed the highest probability of enhancing endurance (SUCRA = 76.1%), while mouth rinsing ranked best for...
Associations of Novel Visceral Obesity Indices (METS-VF and BRI) with Dementia: The Role of Metabolic Mediators and Genetic Susceptibility
A UK Biobank study of 327,368 adults validated the body roundness index (BRI) and metabolic score for visceral fat (METS‑VF) against MRI and DXA measures, finding they best capture visceral adiposity. Over a median 15‑year follow‑up, higher METS‑VF and BRI...
Tart Cherries (Prunus Cerasus) and Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obesity: Evidence From Preclinical and Clinical Studies
A new Frontiers in Nutrition review evaluates tart cherries (Prunus cerasus) as a functional food for overweight and obese adults. Pre‑clinical animal work consistently shows anti‑inflammatory, antioxidant, and metabolic benefits, while human trials suggest modest reductions in blood pressure and...
Aggregation-Induced Stabilization of Pheophorbide, a Water-Soluble Chlorophyll Derivative
Researchers synthesized pheophorbide (Phide), a water‑soluble chlorophyll derivative derived from Spirulina, and developed a rapid HPLC‑UV method for its quantification. Experiments showed that Phide forms concentration‑dependent aggregates in aqueous solution, and high‑concentration samples retained 63.3% of their color after six...