From Prenatal DNA Test to $4B Cancer Detection Promise
1 in 11 babies born in America this year will be screened by a genetic test that didn't exist a decade ago. Biotech startup @BillionToOneInc turned a simple but radical idea—detecting rare fragments of fetal DNA in a mother's blood—into one of the most widely used prenatal tests in the U.S. And they're not stopping there. The same approach could unlock something even bigger: early-stage cancer detection from a blood test, a breakthrough that could one day save millions of lives. In this episode of Hard Tech, YC's Jared Friedman sits down with founders David Tsao (@dtsao) and Oguzhan Atay (@oatay) to hear how they went from half a lab bench to a $4B biotech company, and why they believe this is just the beginning of what their technology can do. 00:00 – Finding One Mutation in Billions 01:00 – Detecting Disease From a Blood Sample 02:10 – From Lab Idea to $4B Company 03:05 – The Breakthrough That Made It Possible 05:15 – Building the First Test From Scratch 07:30 – One Customer and a Sales Crisis 08:55 – Inside the Lab: How It Actually Works 12:10 – Detecting Cancer From Blood 13:50 – The Path to Early Cancer Detection 16:05 – Why Early Cancer Detection Is So Hard
Myeloma Survival Breakthrough: Two Decades After Dalton’s Wish
I remember interviewing Bill Dalton in 2005 about new developments in myeloma and how he wished for new regimens to take OS out beyond 3-4 yrs. Two decades on we've hit jackpot...
Promoting OSKM Therapy with MYC Is Borderline Criminal
The fact that some scientists are still touting OSKM as a therapy, which includes the cancer-causing oncogene MYC, is borderline criminal
FDA Backs Permanent Re‑authorization of Pediatric PRV Program
FDA calls to permanently re-authorize the rare pediatric disease PRV program in Friday's 2027 budget plan -- far cry from the FDA that complained to the GAO about PRVs as distracting from their public health priorities https://t.co/i79F7X1ECw
FDA Delay Shuts Down Small Biotech in Four Months
How a four-month FDA delay forced a small biotech company to close its doors https://t.co/6vMGJM5SjH

Rust Prototype Brings Terminal Transcriptome Browser to Life
Almost done with a prototype Rust port of my Scriptoscope python app for transcriptome browsing, all in-terminal. Inspired by @Psy_Fer_'s ask to read from the holy books of Rust. https://t.co/OPr8rjFKj6
5-MeO-DMT Shows Remarkable Clinical Results and Unmeasured Benefits
The clinical data for 5-MeO-DMT in $ATAI ‘s treatment-resistant-depression trials is outstanding. Yet beyond the measurable endpoints, there’s indeed an additional layer of impact - difficult to capture in standard metrics, but consistently reported. @bryan_johnson captured this beautifully. And I...

Oncology Revenue Dominated by Few Classes, KRAS Next.
Great tables from Wedbush listing small molecule oncology and hemonc drugs ordered by approval date. I counted ~20 different classes for solid tumors and ~6 for liquid, most revenues are driven by a handful of classes that reached multi...
Wireless Oxygen Implant Powers Engineered Cells Inside Body
What happens when you give engineered cells their own wireless oxygen supply inside a thumb-drive-sized implant? https://spectrum.ieee.org/biologic-drugs-implant-bioelectronics-medicine?share_id=9322774

RA Capital Boosts Wave Stake Amid Clinical Setback
🚨Here is an interesting report from this week’s @barronsonline regarding a major investment made in $WVE by RA Capital - despite Wave’s recent disappointing clinical readout of its obesity candidate $WVE-007 🧵👇. According to the report RA Capital has raised...
Low‑Cost Covid Vaccine Tech Delivers 100M Doses, Bypassing Big
So to clarify, Baylor Coll Med licensed our low-cost protein Covid vaccine technology to four entities: BioE (India), BioFarma (Indonesia), Incepta (Bangladesh), ImmunityBio (U.S./S. Africa). The first two produced and delivered 100 million vaccine doses as Corbevax for India and...

Higher BMI Predicts Late-Life Mobility and IADL Disability
Late-life disability following the action for health in diabetes (Look AHEAD) trial 😷Regardless of age, those with higher BMI had increased late-life mobility and IADL disability. https://t.co/QeU9TJhf9y https://t.co/zeCNrGcO7x

AI Reveals Aging Cells Lose Identity, Suggests Rejuvenation
New paper @GladstoneInst @UCBerkeley @nvidia reinforces the Information Theory of Aging (ITOA). Looking at 175M single-cell gene expression patterns, AI found cells lose their identity over time. The model then predicted how to restore lost information to rejuvenate cells…🧵 https://t.co/oU3fYiqRzd

Psilocybin Single Dose Beats Nicotine Patches for Quitting
A single dose of psilocybin is more effective than nicotine patches for quitting smoking, study suggests https://t.co/APDQt1WYxp https://t.co/zDnXcUjFyG

Exercise‑linked Protein Target Could Rejuvenate Aging Blood‑brain Barrier
Scientists Find a Mechanism for How Exercise Protects the Brain 🗣️Finding drugs to trim proteins like TNAP could be a new way to rejuvenate the blood-brain barrier, even after it’s been degraded by age. “We’re uncovering biology that Alzheimer’s research has largely...

SIRT1 Activation Shows Promise for Age‑related Brain Disorders
SIRT1 Activators as Geroprotective Agents in Brain Aging: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential "...SIRT1 could be a promising pharmacological target for age-associated brain disorders, warranting more robust translational studies to validate these findings in humans..." https://t.co/hGVxZ4RErM

Optimizing Transcriptome Workflow with C Timing Tests
Now time to vibe some more. Working on some tests to see where I can speed up some steps to streamline the transcriptome workflow I'm envisioning. Asking the bot to do some wall-clock timings in C to peep a few...
Increasing Volume Drives Lower Biosimilar Medication Prices
We are just getting started. As our volumes go up, our prices go down. And we are adding more branded meds and soon more specialty meds. If you use humira, stelara or other meds that have biosimilars, we...
Dermcidin Blocks Flu Entry via Conserved Hemagglutinin Site
Dermcidin, a natural antimicrobial peptide found in sweat, saliva, and tears, disrupts influenza virus entry by binding to a conserved region of hemagglutinin, suggesting a potential broad-spectrum antiviral defense mechanism. immunology
Dual-Assembly Hydrogel Enables Precise 3D‑Printed Regenerative Microfluidics
A dual self-assembly hydrogel enables precise 3D printing of stable, biocompatible structures with dynamic responsiveness and antimicrobial properties, advancing the creation of complex microfluidic channels for regenerative medicine. hydrogels
Obesity and Age Drive Peripheral Inflammation in Cognitive Impairment
Peripheral inflammation in a Canadian cohort of neurodegenerative conditions: Occurrence, determinants, and impact "Peripheral low-grade inflammation was common, particularly in individuals with cognitive impairment; and obesity and age were the main drivers..." https://t.co/KvjFleW6t4
Cures Emerge From Incremental Advances, Not Single Breakthroughs
The media makes it seem like cures are one breakthrough away. In reality, cures come from smaller breakthroughs and improvements made by the work of thousands of scientists, drug developers and doctors. We’re witnessing this evolution in real time with...
AI Pathology Predicts Chemo Response in Small‑cell Lung Cancer
An AI-powered pathology tool can predict whether extensive-stage small cell lung cancer will respond to platinum-based chemotherapy using standard biopsy slides, enabling more personalized treatment decisions without additional procedures. lungcancer

Daratumumab Boosts Revlimid Efficacy in Smoldering Myeloma
#EAonc EAA173 - Daratumumab to Enhance Therapeutic Effectiveness of Revlimid in Smoldering Myeloma (DETER-SMM) - PI: @nsc_natalie https://t.co/VtBMJUjI5X Activated: Apr 30, 2019 #mmsm @eaonc #NCT03937635 @VincentRK @mweissmdphd https://t.co/fFVUqNssyX

Phase 3 Trial Tests Daratumumab
.@SWOG S2213 Ph3 RCT Dara-VC Induction Followed by ASCT or Dara-VCD Consolidation & Daratumumab Maintenance in Pts w/ Newly Diagnosed AL Amyloidosis [Activated: 12/1/23] https://t.co/OizUfJCc2c #mmsm #bmtsm https://t.co/ClwxVAhSy0

Seeing Biological Age Data Drives Real Health Improvements
Some doctors say wearables & epigenetic age tests aren’t useful because they aren’t clinically approved But a new study of 178 people over a year says otherwise When people saw their data & biological age, they changed behavior & saw measurable improvements...

Not All scRNA‑seq Zeros Are Dropouts—Distinguish Real Signals
Your scRNA-seq matrix is 90% zeros. You assume it is dropout. Some of those zeros are real biology. Some are your platform failing to capture transcripts. Treating them the same way will wreck your analysis. https://t.co/z9SDKz3ZZv

Congress Must Reform Broken IND Process for FIH Trials
Great to see FDA & the administration prioritizing FIH (First in Human) reform. The current IND process is broken & has shifted FIH trials overseas. Countries like Australia have relied on a more flexible, notification-based pathway for years. Now Congress...
Levetiracetam Blocks Amyloid Beta via SV2a‑dependent APP Modulation
Levetiracetam prevents Aβ production through SV2a-dependent modulation of APP processing in Alzheimer’s disease models "...supporting the hypothesis that protein accumulation is a relevant pathogenic event in amyloid pathology..." https://t.co/bRqoZP1Qyf @ScienceTM
Future Peptide Therapy Needs Automated Multi‑dose Syringe
The peptide revolution will require a small (reservoir enabled) auto syringe that doses at intervals with multiple peptides throughout the day. Basically a parallel exo-somatic signaling system.

Targeted Antivirals and Vaccines Needed for CMV-Linked Cognitive Decline
Human cytomegalovirus infection and cognitive decline: insights from population and experimental studies 🔎"We advocate for targeted antiviral strategies and vaccine development to clarify its contribution to neurodegeneration." https://t.co/b7Qx9aj0K3 https://t.co/KMB9ITLEzW

Machine Learning Links Spironolactone to Reduced Fibrosis Risk
Spironolactone and Fibrosis in Heart Failure Risk: Machine Learning Analysis of HOMAGE Trial Plasma Proteomics https://t.co/Ho2RL0RhO4 https://t.co/cHkogagDTt
GLP‑1s Linked to Lower Risk of Mental Illness Worsening
GLP-1s appear to reduce the odds of mental illness getting worse. Another unlooked-for benefit. Caveats: 1. This is observational, not an RCT. 2. This is reduction of odds getting worse on each of these measures. Not reduction of existing mental illness....
GLP‑1s Massively Marked up; LLMs Priced Near Cost
One observation here: GLP-1s are priced at maybe 25-50x production cost (not counting R&D). LLM usage is priced at perhaps 1x inference cost (not counting training). In any case, two great innovations that are rapidly catching on.
China Competition Will Accelerate US Pharma, Cut Red Tape
This is great to see. Biotech and pharma competition with China is going to force us to sharpen and accelerate processes in the US, and cut red tape. And we'll get the benefit of Chinese drugs as well. Win/win.
Biotech Survey Predictions Often Mislead Investors
51.5% of you thought that $NVO was going to be delisted on $LLY Orforligpron approval day. It was not delisted. Not even a little bit. Are you guys dumb? (Here's a rudimentary example of why you should...

Intranasal EV Vaccine Shields Mice From H5N1, H7N9
A potential universal flu shot? Intranasal EV vaccine protected mice from H5N1, H7N9 https://t.co/WroXpi6YP3 https://t.co/umAPlnRjbF
Adrenal Organoid Replicates Human Development and Hormone Production
A new adrenal gland organoid accurately models human development and hormone production, offering a platform to study stress responses, disease mechanisms, and potential regenerative therapies for adrenal disorders. biotechnology
Key Frontier Biology Gaps Holding Back Civilization’s Leap
Some of the most underinvested areas in frontier biology that could accelerate civilizational progress: - Cheap, large-scale DNA synthesis (writing entire chromosomes or full organisms) - Real-time, non-destructive RNA sequencing in living cells - Highly accurate AI-powered polygenic scores for complex traits (disease...

Intermittent Fasting Cuts Crohn’s Disease Activity by 40%
As a medical school professor, I was never taught this: meal timing may be more powerful than medication for gut disease. A new clinical trial in Gastroenterology found that intermittent fasting reduced Crohn's disease activity by 40%. Patients who restricted eating to...
GenAI Cryobiology Offers New Hope for Critical Patients
Follow Wake Bio and its CEO, Mark Woodward, for cool news in high-throughput GenAI-driven cryobiology. P.S. I invested in this company personally and really like Mark and what he is doing. I hope that this technology will give patients we can...

Silicon Valley's Immortality Bet Reaches 91‑year‑old
Longevity treatments for a 91-year-old. That's the kind of story that captures where Silicon Valley's immortality bet is actually heading. Great piece by @AmyDMarcus, who I had the chance to meet in Boston recently. She brings serious depth to this beat,...

37°C Causes scRNA‑seq Data to Mislead Researchers
37 degrees Celsius. That is the temperature where your scRNA-seq experiment starts lying to you. https://t.co/FXrk5fgWTQ
AlphaFold3 Boosts Engineered Toad Pathway 40‑fold in Tobacco
They ported the 5-MeO-DMT pathway from the Sonoran Desert toad into tobacco plants and then used AlphaFold3 to debug the protein structure, leading to a 40x yield increase. Prompt psychedelic design.

FGF21 Boosts Lactate Metabolism For
Acceleration of Lactate Uptake and Utilization Contributes to Neuroprotective Action of FGF21 Involved in Naturally Aging Mice https://t.co/WInPF6Nm1C https://t.co/f9BxVAApln

Probability‑Adjusted DCF: Essential Tool for Valuing Pre‑Profit Biotechs
When thinking about valuing #biotechs, especially those which are not yet profitable, a probability adjusted discounted cash flow model is perhaps the most important methodology Though it too has drawbacks #DCF #PoS #learnbiotechinvesting #investing #BiotechPrometheus https://t.co/1sfTMkZ6kO

BLAST Integration Progressing; Tackling Self‑hits and API Slowdown
Internally pinged NCBI BLAST working nicely. Need to add a "this transcript" flag for any self-referencing BLAST hit, but all in all things are shaping up. Now to dig into some slowdowns and see where to optimize and where we're...
Marc Guell’s SynBio Lab Featured in Journal’s 30‑Year Highlights
Great to see the SynBio work of @marcguellc lab getting featured as one of the highlights of 30 years of the journal

Incretin Modulators Boost Health, Happiness, and Longevity
Life is a marshmallow test. Incretin modulators help you win while staying happy. I often ask big audiences - "how many of you are on GLP1?" and only a couple hands go up. Sometimes, none. That's when I understood that...
NBTXR3 Surpasses 70% Enrollment, on Track For
$NBTX update: Their lead cancer drug NBTXR3 is now over 70% enrolled in its crucial Phase 3 trial. Target: complete enrollment by end of 2025. With cash into late 2027, they're funded to reach this major milestone. Biotech